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<p>Fast-charging capabilities of sodium-ion batteries have emerged as a pivotal objective within the energy storage fields. Sodium layered P2-type oxide positive electrodes are considered promising for fast charging due to their inherent fast Na<sup>+</sup> mobility. However, their electrochemical polarization and interfacial charge transfer especially at high state of charge are limiting factors in quick kinetic response for large current. Herein, we demonstrate that a typical P2-type positive electrode (Na<sub>0.7</sub>Ni<sub>0.27</sub>Mn<sub>0.53</sub>Cu<sub>0.04</sub>Fe<sub>0.08</sub>Ti<sub>0.08</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) achieves high-rate capacities through avoiding octahedral stacking faults, maintaining lattice oxygen activity and controlling anion-specific adsorption. The intermediate Z-phase intergrowth structure mitigates kinetic polarization and thermodynamic hysteresis by simultaneously suppressing the unfavorable phase evolution from P2-type to O2-type and irreversible oxygen redox. The potential-dependent competitive adsorption mechanism between anions and solvent molecules is revealed within the inner Helmholtz plane, where optimized anion-specific adsorption elevates potential difference between electrodes and inner Helmholtz plane, accelerating charge transfer across the electrode/electrolyte interface. Furthermore, the F-rich cathode/electrolyte interphase generated from inner Helmholtz plane mitigates transition metal dissolution and surface lattice collapse for stable long-term cycling. This study highlights the synergistic coupling interaction between bulk phase stability and interfacial environment optimization in ensuring fast Na<sup>+</sup>/charge transport kinetics for sodium-ion batteries.</p>

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Potential-dependent interfacial specific adsorption accelerates charge transfer in sodium-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月17日

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  • Shao-Wen Xu,
  • Wei Liu,
  • Xu Zhu,
  • Zhuozheng Hong,
  • Lisheng Qian,
  • Chen Cheng,
  • Kai Chen,
  • Liang Zhang,
  • Chuansheng Ma,
  • Mengting Liu,
  • Le Shi,
  • Yao Xiao,
  • Shi-Xue Dou,
  • Yonghong Cheng,
  • Peng-Fei Wang

摘要

Fast-charging capabilities of sodium-ion batteries have emerged as a pivotal objective within the energy storage fields. Sodium layered P2-type oxide positive electrodes are considered promising for fast charging due to their inherent fast Na+ mobility. However, their electrochemical polarization and interfacial charge transfer especially at high state of charge are limiting factors in quick kinetic response for large current. Herein, we demonstrate that a typical P2-type positive electrode (Na0.7Ni0.27Mn0.53Cu0.04Fe0.08Ti0.08O2) achieves high-rate capacities through avoiding octahedral stacking faults, maintaining lattice oxygen activity and controlling anion-specific adsorption. The intermediate Z-phase intergrowth structure mitigates kinetic polarization and thermodynamic hysteresis by simultaneously suppressing the unfavorable phase evolution from P2-type to O2-type and irreversible oxygen redox. The potential-dependent competitive adsorption mechanism between anions and solvent molecules is revealed within the inner Helmholtz plane, where optimized anion-specific adsorption elevates potential difference between electrodes and inner Helmholtz plane, accelerating charge transfer across the electrode/electrolyte interface. Furthermore, the F-rich cathode/electrolyte interphase generated from inner Helmholtz plane mitigates transition metal dissolution and surface lattice collapse for stable long-term cycling. This study highlights the synergistic coupling interaction between bulk phase stability and interfacial environment optimization in ensuring fast Na+/charge transport kinetics for sodium-ion batteries.