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<p>Current three-dimensional lithium negative electrodes are plagued by inherent trade-offs among mechanical robustness, thin processability, and electrochemical performance. Here, we engineer a free-standing Li-composite foil negative electrodes by integrating a lithiophilic Li-Zn alloy with a Li<sub>3</sub>N-enriched carbon nanotube network. The Li-Zn alloy strengthens tensile resistance and regulates lithium deposition, while the Li<sub>3</sub>N-enriched carbon nanotube network reinforces mechanical toughness, achieving a rupture toughness of 1.3 × 10⁶ J/m³, a 12-fold enhancement over bare lithium. This property enables the fabrication of thin negative electrodes (&lt;10 μm) that resist pulverization during deep Li plating/stripping. In cells with LiNi<sub>0.8</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> positive electrodes, the composite negative electrode facilitates extended cyclability (&gt;500 cycles in coin cells at 1 C, 92% retention after 300 cycles in Ah-grade pouch cells at 0.5 C) and sustain high-rate operation (10 C). An 8.5 Ah pouch cell demonstrates a practical specific energy of 553 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at cell level when tested at 0.1 C. This work presents a design strategy for realizing high-energy, long-cycle-life lithium metal batteries.</p>

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Engineering thin 3D Li-composite foil negative electrodes with high mechanical toughness

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Yu-Hao Wang,
  • Shuang-Jie Tan,
  • Chao-Hui Zhang,
  • Jun-Chen Guo,
  • Xiao-Xi Luo,
  • Ruo-Xi Jin,
  • Lin-Bo Huang,
  • Xiao-Chuan Su,
  • Chen Li,
  • Xu-Sheng Zhang,
  • Xing Zhang,
  • Sen Xin,
  • Rui Wen,
  • Juan Zhang,
  • Yu-Guo Guo

摘要

Current three-dimensional lithium negative electrodes are plagued by inherent trade-offs among mechanical robustness, thin processability, and electrochemical performance. Here, we engineer a free-standing Li-composite foil negative electrodes by integrating a lithiophilic Li-Zn alloy with a Li3N-enriched carbon nanotube network. The Li-Zn alloy strengthens tensile resistance and regulates lithium deposition, while the Li3N-enriched carbon nanotube network reinforces mechanical toughness, achieving a rupture toughness of 1.3 × 10⁶ J/m³, a 12-fold enhancement over bare lithium. This property enables the fabrication of thin negative electrodes (<10 μm) that resist pulverization during deep Li plating/stripping. In cells with LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 positive electrodes, the composite negative electrode facilitates extended cyclability (>500 cycles in coin cells at 1 C, 92% retention after 300 cycles in Ah-grade pouch cells at 0.5 C) and sustain high-rate operation (10 C). An 8.5 Ah pouch cell demonstrates a practical specific energy of 553 Wh kg−1 at cell level when tested at 0.1 C. This work presents a design strategy for realizing high-energy, long-cycle-life lithium metal batteries.