<p>The synthesis of high-nuclearity titanium metal-organic polyhedra (Ti-MOPs) has remained a formidable challenge due to the high oxophilicity and hydrolysis susceptibility of Ti<sup>4+</sup> ions. Herein, we report a Ti<sub>24</sub> MOP with a truncated octahedron (tro) topology, which represents the highest nuclearity Ti-MOP reported to date. Beyond structural characterization, we introduce a pathway intervention strategy using Ni<sup>2+</sup> as a kinetic modulator to trap and structurally characterize two key intermediates—a Ti<sub>12</sub> macrocycle and a Ti<sub>12</sub> (6-4-6) module. These intermediates outline a hierarchical assembly pathway from simple precursors to Ti<sub>24</sub> MOP. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this process is governed by a coordination lability gradient between Ti<sup>4+</sup> and Ni<sup>2+</sup>, providing an effective strategy for directing supramolecular complexity. This Ti-MOP exhibits permanent microporosity, gas separation, and post-assembly modification capability. This work transforms a synthetic challenge into a strategic advantage, offering a blueprint for the rational assembly of complex metal-organic architectures.</p>

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Hierarchical assembly of a Ti24 metal-organic polyhedron via kinetic trapping of intermediates

  • Hui-Zi Li,
  • Chang-Yin Yang,
  • Cheng Gu,
  • Fei Wang,
  • Jian Zhang

摘要

The synthesis of high-nuclearity titanium metal-organic polyhedra (Ti-MOPs) has remained a formidable challenge due to the high oxophilicity and hydrolysis susceptibility of Ti4+ ions. Herein, we report a Ti24 MOP with a truncated octahedron (tro) topology, which represents the highest nuclearity Ti-MOP reported to date. Beyond structural characterization, we introduce a pathway intervention strategy using Ni2+ as a kinetic modulator to trap and structurally characterize two key intermediates—a Ti12 macrocycle and a Ti12 (6-4-6) module. These intermediates outline a hierarchical assembly pathway from simple precursors to Ti24 MOP. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this process is governed by a coordination lability gradient between Ti4+ and Ni2+, providing an effective strategy for directing supramolecular complexity. This Ti-MOP exhibits permanent microporosity, gas separation, and post-assembly modification capability. This work transforms a synthetic challenge into a strategic advantage, offering a blueprint for the rational assembly of complex metal-organic architectures.