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<p>Solar disinfection&#xa0;(SODIS), as a point-of-use (POU) water disinfection strategy for controlling waterborne microorganisms, serves millions of residents daily in over 50 low- to middle-income countries lacking basic drinking water services. However, SODIS is time consuming (6-48 h of sunlight exposure) due to its strong dependence on UV photons, which account for only ~4% of the solar energy. Thus, it is desirable to capture additional energy from visible-light photons (~50% of the solar energy) to accelerate the slow kinetics. Here, we use phosphorene nanoflakes (PNs) and BiOI nanosheets (BS) as model materials to construct a heterojunction&#xa0;photocatalyst, illustrating that simultaneously modulating the interfacial interaction and band alignment between the heterojunction components can achieve a dual optimization of the kinetic and thermodynamic constraints in photo-induced charge carriers, effectively enhancing the utilization of visible-spectrum energy for microbial inactivation. Notably, a subminute&#xa0;photocatalytic water disinfection performance is demonstrated by the PNs/BS heterojunction, completely inactivating 7 log of <i>E. coli</i> within 45 s under real sunlight. This results in a first-order disinfection rate ~221 times greater than that of commercial P25 TiO<sub>2</sub>. This work provides insights into the design of potent antimicrobial photocatalysts for POU&#xa0;water disinfection applications.</p>

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2D/2D phosphorene/BiOI S-scheme heterojunction for subminute photocatalytic water disinfection under real sunlight

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Dongyang He,
  • Kangning Zhang,
  • Chuanhao Liu,
  • Ya-nan Zhang,
  • Hao Yang,
  • Jingyuan Dong,
  • Jiao Qu

摘要

Solar disinfection (SODIS), as a point-of-use (POU) water disinfection strategy for controlling waterborne microorganisms, serves millions of residents daily in over 50 low- to middle-income countries lacking basic drinking water services. However, SODIS is time consuming (6-48 h of sunlight exposure) due to its strong dependence on UV photons, which account for only ~4% of the solar energy. Thus, it is desirable to capture additional energy from visible-light photons (~50% of the solar energy) to accelerate the slow kinetics. Here, we use phosphorene nanoflakes (PNs) and BiOI nanosheets (BS) as model materials to construct a heterojunction photocatalyst, illustrating that simultaneously modulating the interfacial interaction and band alignment between the heterojunction components can achieve a dual optimization of the kinetic and thermodynamic constraints in photo-induced charge carriers, effectively enhancing the utilization of visible-spectrum energy for microbial inactivation. Notably, a subminute photocatalytic water disinfection performance is demonstrated by the PNs/BS heterojunction, completely inactivating 7 log of E. coli within 45 s under real sunlight. This results in a first-order disinfection rate ~221 times greater than that of commercial P25 TiO2. This work provides insights into the design of potent antimicrobial photocatalysts for POU water disinfection applications.