<p>Phase-change materials (PCMs) demonstrate transformative potential for wearable thermal management systems; however, their practical implementation faces challenges due to trade-offs among energy storage density, mechanical robustness, and phase-change stability. Here, we present a nanotechnology-directed strategy that integrates ultralow carbon nanotubes (CNT, 0.1 wt.%) scaffolds with three-dimensional (3D) interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs), achieving remarkable synergy between crystallinity control and thermal regulation. The resultant phase-change fibers (PCFs) demonstrate dual-functional optimization. Firstly, they exhibit excellent latent heat storage (∆<i>H</i><sub>m</sub> = 139.0 J·g<sup>-1</sup>, ∆<i>H</i><sub>c</sub> = 138.0 J·g<sup>-1</sup>) with remarkable thermal stability, enabled by CNT-induced heterogeneous nucleation. Secondly, the PCFs show high mechanical robustness (<i>ɛ</i> = 1530%, <i>σ</i> = 6.32 MPa) and photothermal energy harvesting efficiency (<i>η</i> = 90.5%, at 120 mW·cm<sup>-2</sup>). These enhancements are attributed to CNT network-enhanced interfacial thermal coupling. Furthermore, the fibrous architectures enable high-fidelity (&gt;98%) cutting/sewing during textile manufacturing, facilitating scalable production of energy-efficient thermal-regulating fabrics. This establishes a universal framework for scalable smart textiles and bridges the gap between laboratory-level phase-change engineering and industrial-scale wearable thermal systems. This strategy advances the development of self-regulating textiles with on-demand thermal responsiveness, paving the way for next-generation smart fabrics for energy-efficient personal thermal management.</p>

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Ultralow CNT-reinforced phase-change fibers for scalable wearable thermoregulation

  • Xiaoye Geng,
  • Ziyu Wang,
  • Feng Xiong,
  • Lifang Liu,
  • Ziting Zhen,
  • Yongkang Jin,
  • Mulin Qin,
  • Jianwen Su,
  • Song Gao,
  • Yonggang Wang,
  • Qining Wang,
  • Ruqiang Zou

摘要

Phase-change materials (PCMs) demonstrate transformative potential for wearable thermal management systems; however, their practical implementation faces challenges due to trade-offs among energy storage density, mechanical robustness, and phase-change stability. Here, we present a nanotechnology-directed strategy that integrates ultralow carbon nanotubes (CNT, 0.1 wt.%) scaffolds with three-dimensional (3D) interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs), achieving remarkable synergy between crystallinity control and thermal regulation. The resultant phase-change fibers (PCFs) demonstrate dual-functional optimization. Firstly, they exhibit excellent latent heat storage (∆Hm = 139.0 J·g-1, ∆Hc = 138.0 J·g-1) with remarkable thermal stability, enabled by CNT-induced heterogeneous nucleation. Secondly, the PCFs show high mechanical robustness (ɛ = 1530%, σ = 6.32 MPa) and photothermal energy harvesting efficiency (η = 90.5%, at 120 mW·cm-2). These enhancements are attributed to CNT network-enhanced interfacial thermal coupling. Furthermore, the fibrous architectures enable high-fidelity (>98%) cutting/sewing during textile manufacturing, facilitating scalable production of energy-efficient thermal-regulating fabrics. This establishes a universal framework for scalable smart textiles and bridges the gap between laboratory-level phase-change engineering and industrial-scale wearable thermal systems. This strategy advances the development of self-regulating textiles with on-demand thermal responsiveness, paving the way for next-generation smart fabrics for energy-efficient personal thermal management.