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<p>Water-based fabrication holds promise for innovations in life sciences, electronics, and materials science at the biotic-abiotic interface by integrating living systems with high technologies. However, using water to create bio-nano interfaces is challenging, as it often requires surface pre-treatment and thermal processing, which are both harmful to living systems. Here, we propose silk fibroin (SF) as a natural adsorbate that enables the fabrication of high-density nanoparticle (NP) layers relying solely on water-based processing. We show that SF spontaneously adsorbs onto various NPs, enhancing intermolecular interactions and facilitating the wetting of otherwise hydrophobic substrates, resulting in densely packed NP layers. Several SF-adsorbed NP electronics are demonstrated with performance comparable to their conventional counterparts. This work offers significant utility by establishing a flexible and biocompatible approach for the fabrication of seamless, precisely controlled bio-nano interfaces.</p>

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Enabling water-based high-density nanoparticles assembly by using silk fibroin as an adsorbate

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月10日

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  • Taehoon Kim,
  • Chungman Kim,
  • Narendar Gogurla,
  • Nicholas A. Ostrovsky-Snider,
  • Giulia Guidetti,
  • Silvia Betti,
  • Fiorenzo G. Omenetto

摘要

Water-based fabrication holds promise for innovations in life sciences, electronics, and materials science at the biotic-abiotic interface by integrating living systems with high technologies. However, using water to create bio-nano interfaces is challenging, as it often requires surface pre-treatment and thermal processing, which are both harmful to living systems. Here, we propose silk fibroin (SF) as a natural adsorbate that enables the fabrication of high-density nanoparticle (NP) layers relying solely on water-based processing. We show that SF spontaneously adsorbs onto various NPs, enhancing intermolecular interactions and facilitating the wetting of otherwise hydrophobic substrates, resulting in densely packed NP layers. Several SF-adsorbed NP electronics are demonstrated with performance comparable to their conventional counterparts. This work offers significant utility by establishing a flexible and biocompatible approach for the fabrication of seamless, precisely controlled bio-nano interfaces.