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<p>Drug-resistant bacterial infections in chronic wounds remain a critical challenge, particularly under persistent inflammation. Here, we report the de novo design of high-entropy alloy (HEA, PtFeCuCoNi)-based Janus artificial enzymes with pH-gated redox biocatalysis for sequential antibacterial and repair functions. The multi-metal synergy stabilizes the <i>d</i>-band center, allowing acidic oxidase/peroxidase-like activity and neutral antioxidase-like activity. In infection, the enzymes generate bactericidal reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>MRSA</i>) and biofilms at ultralow concentrations (8 μg/mL). During healing, they scavenge ROS, alleviate oxidative injury and support cellular proliferation. In <i>MRSA</i>-infected wounds, this dual-action system clears bacteria and then accelerates regeneration through enhanced neovascularization and matrix remodeling. Mechanistic analyses reveal <i>PFKFB3</i>-mediated metabolic reprogramming, suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype. Integrating pH-gated antimicrobial and immunomodulatory repair within one nanoplatform, this strategy addresses the conflicting demands of infection control and tissue healing.</p>

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High-entropy alloy Janus artificial enzymes for pH-gated sequential redox therapy of drug-resistant bacterial infection

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Cong Han,
  • Yongqi Wang,
  • Shihuan Gao,
  • Ting Wang,
  • Huili Du,
  • Jie Long,
  • Weidong Tian,
  • Mohsen Adeli,
  • Liang Cheng,
  • Zhi Liu,
  • Tian Chen,
  • Chong Cheng

摘要

Drug-resistant bacterial infections in chronic wounds remain a critical challenge, particularly under persistent inflammation. Here, we report the de novo design of high-entropy alloy (HEA, PtFeCuCoNi)-based Janus artificial enzymes with pH-gated redox biocatalysis for sequential antibacterial and repair functions. The multi-metal synergy stabilizes the d-band center, allowing acidic oxidase/peroxidase-like activity and neutral antioxidase-like activity. In infection, the enzymes generate bactericidal reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and biofilms at ultralow concentrations (8 μg/mL). During healing, they scavenge ROS, alleviate oxidative injury and support cellular proliferation. In MRSA-infected wounds, this dual-action system clears bacteria and then accelerates regeneration through enhanced neovascularization and matrix remodeling. Mechanistic analyses reveal PFKFB3-mediated metabolic reprogramming, suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype. Integrating pH-gated antimicrobial and immunomodulatory repair within one nanoplatform, this strategy addresses the conflicting demands of infection control and tissue healing.