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<p>Achieving high-density samples of laser-cooled molecules is a critical step toward advancing applications in precision measurements, ultracold chemistry and quantum science. We report the experimental realization of a high-density conveyor-belt magneto-optical trap for calcium monofluoride (CaF) molecules. The obtained highly-compressed cloud has a mean radius of 64(5) <i>μ</i>m and a peak number density of 3.6(5)&#xa0;×&#xa0;10<sup>10</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>, a 600-fold increase over the conventional red-detuned MOTs of CaF, and the densest molecular MOT observed to date. Subsequent loading of these molecules into an optical dipole trap yields up to 2.6&#xa0;×&#xa0;10<sup>4</sup> trapped molecules at a temperature of 14(2) <i>μ</i>K with a peak phase-space density of &#xa0;~&#xa0;2.4&#xa0;×&#xa0;10<sup>−6</sup>. This opens new possibilities for a range of applications utilizing high-density, optically trapped ultracold molecules.</p>

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A conveyor-belt magneto-optical trap of CaF

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月7日

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  • Scarlett S. Yu,
  • Jiaqi You,
  • Yicheng Bao,
  • Loïc Anderegg,
  • Christian Hallas,
  • Grace K. Li,
  • Dongkyu Lim,
  • Eunmi Chae,
  • Wolfgang Ketterle,
  • Kang-Kuen Ni,
  • John M. Doyle

摘要

Achieving high-density samples of laser-cooled molecules is a critical step toward advancing applications in precision measurements, ultracold chemistry and quantum science. We report the experimental realization of a high-density conveyor-belt magneto-optical trap for calcium monofluoride (CaF) molecules. The obtained highly-compressed cloud has a mean radius of 64(5) μm and a peak number density of 3.6(5) × 1010 cm−3, a 600-fold increase over the conventional red-detuned MOTs of CaF, and the densest molecular MOT observed to date. Subsequent loading of these molecules into an optical dipole trap yields up to 2.6 × 104 trapped molecules at a temperature of 14(2) μK with a peak phase-space density of  ~ 2.4 × 10−6. This opens new possibilities for a range of applications utilizing high-density, optically trapped ultracold molecules.