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<p>The textile dyeing industry has shaped modern aesthetics through vibrant coloration technologies. Indigoid dyes embody this potential but are hindered by the hazardous chemo-synthesis and water-intensive chemo-dyeing processes. While biosynthesis and bio-dyeing efforts offer alternatives, disjointed synthesis-dyeing steps lead to unsustainable water and energy demands, and complex biosynthetic pathways cause low atom economy and inefficiency. Here, we report a one-pot one-step approach that unifies biosynthesis and bio-dyeing of indigoids to drastically reduce water usage in the dyeing process. By combining alcohol dehydrogenase with flavin-containing monooxygenase, we construct an artificial redox-neutral cascade biosynthetic pathway to produce bluish-violet indigoid dyes, which significantly enhances atom economy and achieves high production efficiency. Various natural and synthetic fabrics are dyed in-situ with the biosynthetic indigoids utilizing recombinant <i>E. coli</i> whole cells. Crucially, this system dyes synthetic nylon fibers with the historic purple hue.</p>

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Engineering artificial biosynthetic pathway enables simultaneous production and in-situ bio-dyeing of indigoids for textiles

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月26日

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  • Qi Na,
  • Xiaowang Zhang,
  • Linna Long,
  • Siyu Qi,
  • Zhiyu Zhang,
  • Ruoyu Zhi,
  • Zhuotao Tan,
  • Hanjie Ying,
  • Chenjie Zhu

摘要

The textile dyeing industry has shaped modern aesthetics through vibrant coloration technologies. Indigoid dyes embody this potential but are hindered by the hazardous chemo-synthesis and water-intensive chemo-dyeing processes. While biosynthesis and bio-dyeing efforts offer alternatives, disjointed synthesis-dyeing steps lead to unsustainable water and energy demands, and complex biosynthetic pathways cause low atom economy and inefficiency. Here, we report a one-pot one-step approach that unifies biosynthesis and bio-dyeing of indigoids to drastically reduce water usage in the dyeing process. By combining alcohol dehydrogenase with flavin-containing monooxygenase, we construct an artificial redox-neutral cascade biosynthetic pathway to produce bluish-violet indigoid dyes, which significantly enhances atom economy and achieves high production efficiency. Various natural and synthetic fabrics are dyed in-situ with the biosynthetic indigoids utilizing recombinant E. coli whole cells. Crucially, this system dyes synthetic nylon fibers with the historic purple hue.