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<p>Fracto-mechanoluminescence (FML), a subtype of mechanoluminescence, is the phenomenon of light emission triggered by the fracturing of solids under mechanical stimuli. Although many materials have been reported with FML, the underlying mechanism remains unclear, leveraging the fundamental prerequisites and design principles to achieve FML remain elusive. In this study, we systematically investigate a series of Mn halides and find that 12 out of 18 compounds exhibit bright and clearly detectable FML. Here we show that the occurrence of FML arises from the synergistic interplay among the crystal′s elastic stiffness, local electromechanical coupling, and trap states, which collectively activate Mn<sup>2+</sup> <i>d</i>−<i>d</i> transitions upon fracture. The enhancement of FML intensity is primarily governed by the enlargement of the effective fracture area, whereas the Young′s modulus determines the fracture threshold and the tolerable stress range of crystals. Additionally, as-explored Mn halides exhibit improved X-ray imaging capabilities, which are further integrated into radiation warning and damage detection devices.</p>

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Mechanistic insight into the Young′s modulus threshold for fracto-mechanoluminescence in manganese halides

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Yunluo Wang,
  • Hang Yang,
  • Wenxuan Yao,
  • Jie Chen,
  • Haoming Qin,
  • Yuge Cao,
  • Xuchang He,
  • Jianghua Wu,
  • Hao Gu,
  • Ruifeng Liu,
  • Yan Yang,
  • Zesen Gao,
  • Futing Sun,
  • Tianshuo Zhang,
  • Tianrui Zhou,
  • Yuqiang Fang,
  • Qinhua Wei,
  • Jingshan Hou,
  • Yongzheng Fang,
  • Yihui He,
  • Xiang Li,
  • Yi-Yang Sun,
  • Lianjun Wang,
  • Wan Jiang,
  • Dong Tu,
  • Guogang Li,
  • Fuqiang Huang,
  • Haijie Chen

摘要

Fracto-mechanoluminescence (FML), a subtype of mechanoluminescence, is the phenomenon of light emission triggered by the fracturing of solids under mechanical stimuli. Although many materials have been reported with FML, the underlying mechanism remains unclear, leveraging the fundamental prerequisites and design principles to achieve FML remain elusive. In this study, we systematically investigate a series of Mn halides and find that 12 out of 18 compounds exhibit bright and clearly detectable FML. Here we show that the occurrence of FML arises from the synergistic interplay among the crystal′s elastic stiffness, local electromechanical coupling, and trap states, which collectively activate Mn2+ d−d transitions upon fracture. The enhancement of FML intensity is primarily governed by the enlargement of the effective fracture area, whereas the Young′s modulus determines the fracture threshold and the tolerable stress range of crystals. Additionally, as-explored Mn halides exhibit improved X-ray imaging capabilities, which are further integrated into radiation warning and damage detection devices.