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<p>Understanding dense matter hydrodynamics is critical for predicting plasma behavior in environments relevant to laser-driven inertial confinement fusion. Traditional diagnostic sources face limitations in brightness, spatiotemporal resolution, and in their ability to detect relevant electromagnetic fields. In this work, we present a dual-probe, multi-messenger laser wakefield accelerator platform combining ultrafast X-rays and relativistic electron beams at 1 Hz, to interrogate a free-flowing water target in vacuum, heated by an intense 200 ps laser pulse. This scheme enables high-repetition-rate tracking the evolution of the&#xa0;interaction using both particle types. Betatron X-rays reveal a cylindrically symmetric shock compression morphology assisted by low-density vapor, resembling foam-layer-assisted fusion targets. The synchronized electron beam detects time-evolving electromagnetic fields, uncovering charge separation and ion species differentiation during plasma expansion – phenomena not captured by photons or hydrodynamic simulations. We show that combining both probes provides complementary insights spanning kinetic to hydrodynamic regimes, highlighting the need for hybrid physics models to accurately predict fusion-relevant plasma behavior.</p>

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Multi-messenger dynamic imaging of laser-driven shocks in water using a plasma wakefield accelerator

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月16日

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  • Mario D. Balcazar,
  • Hai-En Tsai,
  • Tobias M. Ostermayr,
  • Paul Campbell,
  • Matthew R. Trantham,
  • Félicie Albert,
  • Qiang Chen,
  • Cary Colgan,
  • Gilliss M. Dyer,
  • Zachary Eisentraut,
  • Eric Esarey,
  • Elizabeth S. Grace,
  • Benjamin Greenwood,
  • Anthony J. Gonsalves,
  • Sahel Hakimi,
  • Robert Jacob,
  • Brendan Kettle,
  • Paul King,
  • Karl Krushelnick,
  • Nuno Lemos,
  • Eva E. Los,
  • Yong Ma,
  • Stuart P. D. Mangles,
  • John Nees,
  • Isabella M. Pagano,
  • Carl B. Schroeder,
  • Raspberry A. Simpson,
  • Anthony V. Vazquez,
  • Jeroen van Tilborg,
  • Cameron G. R. Geddes,
  • Alexander G. R. Thomas,
  • Carolyn C. Kuranz

摘要

Understanding dense matter hydrodynamics is critical for predicting plasma behavior in environments relevant to laser-driven inertial confinement fusion. Traditional diagnostic sources face limitations in brightness, spatiotemporal resolution, and in their ability to detect relevant electromagnetic fields. In this work, we present a dual-probe, multi-messenger laser wakefield accelerator platform combining ultrafast X-rays and relativistic electron beams at 1 Hz, to interrogate a free-flowing water target in vacuum, heated by an intense 200 ps laser pulse. This scheme enables high-repetition-rate tracking the evolution of the interaction using both particle types. Betatron X-rays reveal a cylindrically symmetric shock compression morphology assisted by low-density vapor, resembling foam-layer-assisted fusion targets. The synchronized electron beam detects time-evolving electromagnetic fields, uncovering charge separation and ion species differentiation during plasma expansion – phenomena not captured by photons or hydrodynamic simulations. We show that combining both probes provides complementary insights spanning kinetic to hydrodynamic regimes, highlighting the need for hybrid physics models to accurately predict fusion-relevant plasma behavior.