<p>Restoring retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells is crucial for treating retinal degenerative (RD) diseases, with chemical reprogramming offering a transformative, scalable solution. However, identifying key chemical compounds for generating functional RPE cells from somatic cells remains challenging. Here, we present a two-step chemical reprogramming strategy to convert fibroblasts into functional chemical induced RPE (ciRPE) cells. Leveraging the Single-Cell Reprogramming Compound Finder (scRCF), which integrates transcriptomics-guided predictions with advanced screening, we identified chemical cocktails that precisely reprogram fibroblasts through an intermediate state into ciRPE cells. These ciRPE cells closely mimic the structure and function of native RPE cells, and upon transplantation into RD rats, they seamlessly integrate into host tissue, protect photoreceptors, and restore visual function. Omics and mechanistic analyses revealed that the identified compounds synergistically activate core transcription factors, including Ascl1 and Olig2, orchestrating the reprogramming process. This study provides a scalable, non-integrative approach for generating functional RPE cells, offering a promising strategy for cell replacement therapies targeting RD diseases.</p>

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Chemical reprogramming of fibroblasts into retinal pigment epithelium cells for vision restoration

  • Shasha Li,
  • Hui Liu,
  • Shao-Hui Pan,
  • Zhengbiao Zhu,
  • Shun Zhang,
  • Jiahang Li,
  • Yinghao Yao,
  • Xinyu Wang,
  • Na Gao,
  • Xiaoyu Liu,
  • Ming Chen,
  • Huijuan Hu,
  • Wenmin Pan,
  • Qunyan Zhu,
  • Yaoyao Cai,
  • Jia Qu,
  • Shaorong Gao,
  • Jianzhong Su

摘要

Restoring retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells is crucial for treating retinal degenerative (RD) diseases, with chemical reprogramming offering a transformative, scalable solution. However, identifying key chemical compounds for generating functional RPE cells from somatic cells remains challenging. Here, we present a two-step chemical reprogramming strategy to convert fibroblasts into functional chemical induced RPE (ciRPE) cells. Leveraging the Single-Cell Reprogramming Compound Finder (scRCF), which integrates transcriptomics-guided predictions with advanced screening, we identified chemical cocktails that precisely reprogram fibroblasts through an intermediate state into ciRPE cells. These ciRPE cells closely mimic the structure and function of native RPE cells, and upon transplantation into RD rats, they seamlessly integrate into host tissue, protect photoreceptors, and restore visual function. Omics and mechanistic analyses revealed that the identified compounds synergistically activate core transcription factors, including Ascl1 and Olig2, orchestrating the reprogramming process. This study provides a scalable, non-integrative approach for generating functional RPE cells, offering a promising strategy for cell replacement therapies targeting RD diseases.