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<p>Advancements in multi-band and space division multiplexing (SDM) technologies are rapidly progressing to support growing data traffic. Current research focuses on hybrid multiplexing in the C + L bands, pushing SDM systems to achieve capacities exceeding 10 Pb/s. Integrating ultra-wideband SDM systems with expanded spectrum leaps forward in transmission capacity. Here, we proposed a comprehensive model of an O + E + S + C + L + U ultra-wideband mode multiplexing transmission system to enhance spectrum utilization. A 4-linearly polarized mode multiplexer, designed utilizing ultra-wideband optical diffractive network with an end-to-end inverse design algorithm, achieves over 90% mode purity and mode crosstalk less than −17 dB, with below −8.87 dB in multiplexer-demultiplexer back-to-back systems, supporting a bandwidth exceeding 420 nm in experiments. Validations across O, E, S, C, L, and U bands demonstrate its efficacy in broadband wavelength-mode hybrid division multiplexing communications. The breakthrough in bandwidth and compatibility with existing application scenarios promise highly efficient ultra-high-speed communication systems for future applications.</p>

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Ultra-wideband optical diffractive network for mode multiplexing across the entire telecommunication range

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月5日

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  • Aru Kong,
  • Jianxin Ren,
  • Kaihui Wang,
  • Yongyi Yu,
  • Rongyi Lin,
  • Chen Wang,
  • Jianyu Long,
  • Fufei Pang,
  • Xueli Chen,
  • Xiaoyu Yan,
  • Zhifeng Wang,
  • Bo Liu,
  • Ting Lei,
  • Xiaocong Yuan

摘要

Advancements in multi-band and space division multiplexing (SDM) technologies are rapidly progressing to support growing data traffic. Current research focuses on hybrid multiplexing in the C + L bands, pushing SDM systems to achieve capacities exceeding 10 Pb/s. Integrating ultra-wideband SDM systems with expanded spectrum leaps forward in transmission capacity. Here, we proposed a comprehensive model of an O + E + S + C + L + U ultra-wideband mode multiplexing transmission system to enhance spectrum utilization. A 4-linearly polarized mode multiplexer, designed utilizing ultra-wideband optical diffractive network with an end-to-end inverse design algorithm, achieves over 90% mode purity and mode crosstalk less than −17 dB, with below −8.87 dB in multiplexer-demultiplexer back-to-back systems, supporting a bandwidth exceeding 420 nm in experiments. Validations across O, E, S, C, L, and U bands demonstrate its efficacy in broadband wavelength-mode hybrid division multiplexing communications. The breakthrough in bandwidth and compatibility with existing application scenarios promise highly efficient ultra-high-speed communication systems for future applications.