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<p>H<sub>2</sub>S reversibly modifies low molecular weight (L<sub>MW</sub>SH) and protein (PrSH) thiols to form persulfides (RSS<sup>−</sup>) and polysulfides (RS(S)<sub>n</sub>S<sup>−</sup>) for antioxidant defence and regulation of activity. However, our understanding of the biological significance of these processes is hampered by our inability to quantify these modifications. We develop a sensitive LC-MS/MS procedure that traps the sulfur atom of H<sub>2</sub>S, and the terminal sulfur atom of RSS<sup>−</sup> and RS(S)<sub>n</sub>S<sup>−</sup> as diagnostic products in biological samples. In parallel, we also trap internal S atoms of RS(S)<sub>n</sub>S<sup>−</sup>, enabling quantification of H<sub>2</sub>S, RSS<sup>−</sup> and RS(S)<sub>n</sub>S<sup>−</sup>. L<sub>MW</sub>S(S)<sub>n</sub>S<sup>−</sup> and PrS(S)<sub>n</sub>S<sup>−</sup> are determined simultaneously in the same sample. Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant L<sub>MW</sub>SH so we develop an orthogonal approach to quantify GSS<sup>−</sup>, enabling corroboration of L<sub>MW</sub>SS<sup>−</sup> measurements by sulfur atom trapping. We demonstrate in systems from proteins to ex vivo tissues how these approaches enable exploration of persulfidation in biological systems.</p>

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Simultaneous and sensitive quantification of protein and low molecular weight persulfides, polysulfides and H2S in biological samples

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • Jan Lj. Miljkovic,
  • Nils Burger,
  • Chak Shun Yu,
  • Alexander H. Harkiss,
  • Stefan Warrington,
  • Stuart T. Caldwell,
  • Scott A. Jones,
  • Jordan J. Lee,
  • Dunja Aksentijevic,
  • Andrew M. James,
  • Thomas Krieg,
  • Richard C. Hartley,
  • Michael P. Murphy

摘要

H2S reversibly modifies low molecular weight (LMWSH) and protein (PrSH) thiols to form persulfides (RSS−) and polysulfides (RS(S)nS−) for antioxidant defence and regulation of activity. However, our understanding of the biological significance of these processes is hampered by our inability to quantify these modifications. We develop a sensitive LC-MS/MS procedure that traps the sulfur atom of H2S, and the terminal sulfur atom of RSS− and RS(S)nS− as diagnostic products in biological samples. In parallel, we also trap internal S atoms of RS(S)nS−, enabling quantification of H2S, RSS− and RS(S)nS−. LMWS(S)nS− and PrS(S)nS− are determined simultaneously in the same sample. Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant LMWSH so we develop an orthogonal approach to quantify GSS−, enabling corroboration of LMWSS− measurements by sulfur atom trapping. We demonstrate in systems from proteins to ex vivo tissues how these approaches enable exploration of persulfidation in biological systems.