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<p>Decentralized water supply is essential for providing clean and safe drinking water, especially in underdeveloped regions. Membrane technology is a key process for removing pathogens and suspended solids from polluted water sources. This study constructs electrically conductive membranes (ECMs) using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) confined within polarized poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) through C-F interactions. The resulting membranes achieve ultrahigh water permeance, 3.5 to 5.2 times higher than four commercial polymer membranes with similar pore sizes. They maintain good electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. Applying a weak negative potential induces electrostatic repulsion between the ECMs and foulants, enhancing antifouling performance by over 10 times in terms of backwashing interval compared to conventional polymer membranes. A demonstration project confirms the feasibility of industrial-scale production with a capacity of 11.5 m<sup>2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, corresponding to an annual yield of approximately 100,000 m². Another field demonstration for drinking water treatment, with a capacity of 300 m<sup>3</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>, shows improved effluent quality, 53% energy savings, and 95% cost reduction for chemical cleaning compared to conventional processes. This study provides a cost-effective and efficient solution for addressing drinking water security challenges in underdeveloped regions through the enhanced performance of CNTs-PVDF ECMs.</p>

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Advanced electrically conductive carbon nanotubes-PVDF composite membranes with electro-promoted water treatment performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月16日

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  • Yongke Zhang,
  • Jiajian Xing,
  • Gaoliang Wei,
  • Linhua Rao,
  • Guangze He,
  • Hao Du,
  • Haiguang Zhang,
  • Xu Wang,
  • Shuo Chen,
  • Xie Quan

摘要

Decentralized water supply is essential for providing clean and safe drinking water, especially in underdeveloped regions. Membrane technology is a key process for removing pathogens and suspended solids from polluted water sources. This study constructs electrically conductive membranes (ECMs) using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) confined within polarized poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) through C-F interactions. The resulting membranes achieve ultrahigh water permeance, 3.5 to 5.2 times higher than four commercial polymer membranes with similar pore sizes. They maintain good electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. Applying a weak negative potential induces electrostatic repulsion between the ECMs and foulants, enhancing antifouling performance by over 10 times in terms of backwashing interval compared to conventional polymer membranes. A demonstration project confirms the feasibility of industrial-scale production with a capacity of 11.5 m2 h−1, corresponding to an annual yield of approximately 100,000 m². Another field demonstration for drinking water treatment, with a capacity of 300 m3 day−1, shows improved effluent quality, 53% energy savings, and 95% cost reduction for chemical cleaning compared to conventional processes. This study provides a cost-effective and efficient solution for addressing drinking water security challenges in underdeveloped regions through the enhanced performance of CNTs-PVDF ECMs.