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<p>A high-definition description of pancreatic islets would prove beneficial for understanding the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet significant knowledge gaps exist in terms of their size, endocrine cell composition, and number in both health and disease. Here, 3-dimensional (3D) analyses of pancreata from control persons without diabetes (ND) demonstrate approximately 50% of islets are insulin-positive (INS + ) glucagon-negative (GCG-). Non-diabetic individuals positive for a single Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA + ) yet at increased risk for disease consistently demonstrate endocrine features, including islet volume and cell composition, closely resembling the age-matched ND controls. In contrast, pancreata from individuals with short-duration T1D demonstrate significantly reduced islet density and a dramatic loss of INS + GCG- islets with preservation of large INS + GCG+ islets. The size and cellular composition of pancreatic islets may, therefore, represent influential factors that impact β-cell loss during T1D disease progression.</p>

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3D imaging of human pancreas suggests islet size and endocrine composition influence their loss in type 1 diabetes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月11日

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  • Alexandra Rippa,
  • Amanda L. Posgai,
  • Seth Currlin,
  • Maigan Brusko,
  • MacKenzie D. Williams,
  • John S. Kaddis,
  • Irina Kusmartseva,
  • Clive H. Wasserfall,
  • Martha Campbell-Thompson,
  • Mark A. Atkinson

摘要

A high-definition description of pancreatic islets would prove beneficial for understanding the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet significant knowledge gaps exist in terms of their size, endocrine cell composition, and number in both health and disease. Here, 3-dimensional (3D) analyses of pancreata from control persons without diabetes (ND) demonstrate approximately 50% of islets are insulin-positive (INS + ) glucagon-negative (GCG-). Non-diabetic individuals positive for a single Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA + ) yet at increased risk for disease consistently demonstrate endocrine features, including islet volume and cell composition, closely resembling the age-matched ND controls. In contrast, pancreata from individuals with short-duration T1D demonstrate significantly reduced islet density and a dramatic loss of INS + GCG- islets with preservation of large INS + GCG+ islets. The size and cellular composition of pancreatic islets may, therefore, represent influential factors that impact β-cell loss during T1D disease progression.