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<p>Acoustic black holes (ABHs) offer broadband wave-manipulation capabilities beyond conventional acoustic metamaterials (AMs) but are fundamentally limited by compromised structural stiffness, high-precision machining requirements and high cut-on frequencies. Here, we break these limitations by adopting a power-law density-tailored composite, <i>ρ</i>-ABH. Analytical derivation, wave-energy analysis, and coupled-system modeling demonstrate that both the cut-on and threshold frequencies of <i>ρ</i>-ABHs are reduced to one-fifth of those in conventional ABHs, enabling operation at deep-subwavelength scales (<i>λ</i>/11). This breakthrough arises from a remarkable wavelength compression and energy density amplification. The inertial-grading-induced amplitude decay also mitigates the fatigue and fracture risks inherent to conventional ABHs. The device experimentally entails efficient wave absorption at ultra-low and -broadband frequencies (25–1200 Hz) and with a 24.5 Hz threshold. Our approach overcomes fundamental frequency-scale constraint in AMs and vibroacoustic engineering, and circumvents manufacturing challenges via controllable material synthesis, offering a pathway for next-generation noise and vibration mitigation technology.</p>

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Deep-subwavelength ultra-low and ultra-broadband acoustic-black-hole metamaterials

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月13日

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  • Yanni Zhang,
  • Wenjie Che,
  • Haolun Qin,
  • Xiaoting Rui,
  • Li Cheng,
  • Guoping Wang,
  • Fufeng Yang

摘要

Acoustic black holes (ABHs) offer broadband wave-manipulation capabilities beyond conventional acoustic metamaterials (AMs) but are fundamentally limited by compromised structural stiffness, high-precision machining requirements and high cut-on frequencies. Here, we break these limitations by adopting a power-law density-tailored composite, ρ-ABH. Analytical derivation, wave-energy analysis, and coupled-system modeling demonstrate that both the cut-on and threshold frequencies of ρ-ABHs are reduced to one-fifth of those in conventional ABHs, enabling operation at deep-subwavelength scales (λ/11). This breakthrough arises from a remarkable wavelength compression and energy density amplification. The inertial-grading-induced amplitude decay also mitigates the fatigue and fracture risks inherent to conventional ABHs. The device experimentally entails efficient wave absorption at ultra-low and -broadband frequencies (25–1200 Hz) and with a 24.5 Hz threshold. Our approach overcomes fundamental frequency-scale constraint in AMs and vibroacoustic engineering, and circumvents manufacturing challenges via controllable material synthesis, offering a pathway for next-generation noise and vibration mitigation technology.