<p>In semiconductor hole spin qubits, low magnetic field (<i>B</i>) operation extends the coherence time (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({T}_{2}^{*}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mrow> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>*</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) but proportionally reduces the gate speed. In contrast, singlet-triplet (ST) qubits are primarily controlled by the exchange interaction ( <i>J</i>) and can thus maintain high gate speeds even at low <i>B</i>. However, a large <i>J</i> introduces a significant charge component to the qubit, rendering ST qubits more vulnerable to charge noise when driven. Here, we demonstrate a highly coherent ST hole spin qubit in germanium, operating at both low <i>B</i> and low <i>J</i>. By modulating <i>J</i>, we achieve resonant driving of the ST qubit, obtaining an average gate fidelity of 99.68% and a coherence time of <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({T}_{2}^{*}=1.9\,\mu {{{\rm{s}}}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mrow> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>*</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1.9</mn> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>μ</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Moreover, by applying the resonant drive continuously, we realize a dressed ST qubit with a tenfold increase in coherence time (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({T}_{2\rho }^{*}=20.3\,\mu {{{\rm{s}}}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mrow> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ρ</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>*</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>20.3</mn> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>μ</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>). Frequency modulation of the driving signal enables universal control, with an average gate fidelity of 99.63%. Our results demonstrate the potential for extending coherence times while preserving high-fidelity control of germanium-based ST qubits, paving the way for more efficient operations in semiconductor-based quantum processors.</p>

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A dressed singlet-triplet qubit in germanium

  • K. Tsoukalas,
  • U. von Lüpke,
  • A. Orekhov,
  • B. Hetényi,
  • I. Seidler,
  • L. Sommer,
  • E. G. Kelly,
  • L. Massai,
  • M. Aldeghi,
  • M. Pita-Vidal,
  • N. W. Hendrickx,
  • S. W. Bedell,
  • S. Paredes,
  • F. J. Schupp,
  • M. Mergenthaler,
  • G. Salis,
  • A. Fuhrer,
  • P. Harvey-Collard

摘要

In semiconductor hole spin qubits, low magnetic field (B) operation extends the coherence time ( \({T}_{2}^{*}\) T 2 * ) but proportionally reduces the gate speed. In contrast, singlet-triplet (ST) qubits are primarily controlled by the exchange interaction ( J) and can thus maintain high gate speeds even at low B. However, a large J introduces a significant charge component to the qubit, rendering ST qubits more vulnerable to charge noise when driven. Here, we demonstrate a highly coherent ST hole spin qubit in germanium, operating at both low B and low J. By modulating J, we achieve resonant driving of the ST qubit, obtaining an average gate fidelity of 99.68% and a coherence time of \({T}_{2}^{*}=1.9\,\mu {{{\rm{s}}}}\) T 2 * = 1.9 μ s . Moreover, by applying the resonant drive continuously, we realize a dressed ST qubit with a tenfold increase in coherence time ( \({T}_{2\rho }^{*}=20.3\,\mu {{{\rm{s}}}}\) T 2 ρ * = 20.3 μ s ). Frequency modulation of the driving signal enables universal control, with an average gate fidelity of 99.63%. Our results demonstrate the potential for extending coherence times while preserving high-fidelity control of germanium-based ST qubits, paving the way for more efficient operations in semiconductor-based quantum processors.