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<p>Mirusviruses are abundant and broadly distributed double-stranded (ds) DNA viruses recently discovered in marine metagenomic data. Their host range and ecological impact are unclear. The protist <i>Aurantiochytrium limacinum</i> possesses two mirusvirus-like genomic elements, one a circular episome (AurliV-1) and the other (AurliV-2) a chromosomal integrant. Here we show that genes in both genomes are expressed and viral particles&#xa0;containing mainly AurliV-1 DNA are produced under starvation conditions and when cells are cultured in standard growth medium. We detected viral particles&#xa0;of ~140 nm in the nucleus, in cytoplasmic vesicles, between the plasma membrane and cell wall, and in the extracellular environment. Of 67 AurliV-1-encoded proteins detected using proteomics, 45 are enriched under starvation conditions, including the structurally important major capsid and triplex proteins. Our results establish <i>Aurantiochytrium</i> as a model system for elucidating mirusvirus-host interactions and demonstrate persistent viral infection in a microbial eukaryote.</p>

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Persistent mirusvirus infection in the marine protist Aurantiochytrium

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Dudley Chung,
  • Nikolaj Brask,
  • Sari Matar,
  • Lucie Gallot-Lavallée,
  • Eric S. Pringle,
  • Brett A. Duguay,
  • Cédric Blais,
  • Jessica Latimer,
  • Ronie Haro,
  • Claudio H. Slamovits,
  • Ben Leyland,
  • Joshua S. Rest,
  • Jackie L. Collier,
  • Craig McCormick,
  • John M. Archibald

摘要

Mirusviruses are abundant and broadly distributed double-stranded (ds) DNA viruses recently discovered in marine metagenomic data. Their host range and ecological impact are unclear. The protist Aurantiochytrium limacinum possesses two mirusvirus-like genomic elements, one a circular episome (AurliV-1) and the other (AurliV-2) a chromosomal integrant. Here we show that genes in both genomes are expressed and viral particles containing mainly AurliV-1 DNA are produced under starvation conditions and when cells are cultured in standard growth medium. We detected viral particles of ~140 nm in the nucleus, in cytoplasmic vesicles, between the plasma membrane and cell wall, and in the extracellular environment. Of 67 AurliV-1-encoded proteins detected using proteomics, 45 are enriched under starvation conditions, including the structurally important major capsid and triplex proteins. Our results establish Aurantiochytrium as a model system for elucidating mirusvirus-host interactions and demonstrate persistent viral infection in a microbial eukaryote.