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<p>The microbiome plays an important role in immune responses and inflammation in HIV-1 infection. Hence, a deeper understanding of the changes in the microbiome, its function and metabolites, and their interactions prior to HIV-1 infection is potentially important for HIV-1 prevention strategies. Using stool, oral washes, and plasma biospecimens obtained from men who have sex with men (MSM) and who were without HIV-1, we found several differences in microbial ecologies, gene functions, and metabolites between MSM who became HIV-1 infected (Pre-HIV) within six months and those who remained HIV-1 uninfected (Non-HIV). The Pre-HIV group had an enrichment of enzymes involved in purine metabolism, lower amino acid metabolism, and higher oxidative stress before the infection compared to the Non-HIV group. We also introduced a novel and broadly applicable taxon-specific measure of DISruption in COrrelations (DISCO) with other features, such as microbial taxa and metabolites in a given group (e.g., Pre-HIV group) relative to a reference group (e.g., Non-HIV group). Using DISCO, we identified several gut and oral species with disrupted correlations prior to HIV-1 infection. Application of DISCO to external datasets revealed that <i>Prevotella spp</i>. are consistently disrupted in their correlations across multiple cohorts prior to or following HIV-1 infection.</p>

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A taxon-specific measurement of disruption in a multi-modal study of microbiomes and metabolomes reveals system-wide dysbiosis preceding HIV-1 infection

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • F. Fouladi,
  • Y. Chen,
  • S. Bera,
  • A. K. Jarmusch,
  • D. Van Tyne,
  • F. J. Palella,
  • J. B. Margolick,
  • K. W. Chew,
  • J. Sun,
  • J. Martinson,
  • C. R. Rinaldo,
  • S. D. Peddada

摘要

The microbiome plays an important role in immune responses and inflammation in HIV-1 infection. Hence, a deeper understanding of the changes in the microbiome, its function and metabolites, and their interactions prior to HIV-1 infection is potentially important for HIV-1 prevention strategies. Using stool, oral washes, and plasma biospecimens obtained from men who have sex with men (MSM) and who were without HIV-1, we found several differences in microbial ecologies, gene functions, and metabolites between MSM who became HIV-1 infected (Pre-HIV) within six months and those who remained HIV-1 uninfected (Non-HIV). The Pre-HIV group had an enrichment of enzymes involved in purine metabolism, lower amino acid metabolism, and higher oxidative stress before the infection compared to the Non-HIV group. We also introduced a novel and broadly applicable taxon-specific measure of DISruption in COrrelations (DISCO) with other features, such as microbial taxa and metabolites in a given group (e.g., Pre-HIV group) relative to a reference group (e.g., Non-HIV group). Using DISCO, we identified several gut and oral species with disrupted correlations prior to HIV-1 infection. Application of DISCO to external datasets revealed that Prevotella spp. are consistently disrupted in their correlations across multiple cohorts prior to or following HIV-1 infection.