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<p>Nuclear laser spectroscopy at the 10<sup>−12</sup> precision level (Nature 633.8028 (2024): 63–70) determined the fractional change in the nuclear quadrupole moment of <sup>229</sup>Th upon excitation, Δ<i>Q</i><sub>0</sub>/<i>Q</i><sub>0</sub>&#xa0;= 1.791(2)%. Such high-accuracy nuclear parameters enable stringent tests and refinement of <sup>229</sup>Th nuclear models. Using a semi-classical prolate-spheroid model, we quantify the transition frequency’s sensitivity to fine-structure constant variations as <i>K</i>&#xa0;=&#xa0;5900(2300), with uncertainty dominated by the measured charge-radius change Δ〈<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>〉. This supports the predicted higher <i>α</i>-sensitivity of nuclear clocks over atomic clocks, important for new-physics searches. We find Δ<i>Q</i><sub>0</sub> strongly dependent on nuclear volume, challenging the constant-volume approximation. The deviation between measured and predicted Δ<i>Q</i><sub>0</sub>/<i>Q</i><sub>0</sub> underlines the need for improved modeling and measurement of additional nuclear parameters. We explicitly assess the octupole contribution to <i>α</i>-sensitivity.</p>

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Fine-structure constant sensitivity of the Th-229 nuclear clock transition

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Kjeld Beeks,
  • Georgy A. Kazakov,
  • Fabian Schaden,
  • Ira Morawetz,
  • Luca Toscani De Col,
  • Thomas Riebner,
  • Michael Bartokos,
  • Tomas Sikorsky,
  • Thorsten Schumm,
  • Chuankun Zhang,
  • Tian Ooi,
  • Jacob S. Higgins,
  • Jack F. Doyle,
  • Jun Ye,
  • Marianna S. Safronova

摘要

Nuclear laser spectroscopy at the 10−12 precision level (Nature 633.8028 (2024): 63–70) determined the fractional change in the nuclear quadrupole moment of 229Th upon excitation, ΔQ0/Q0 = 1.791(2)%. Such high-accuracy nuclear parameters enable stringent tests and refinement of 229Th nuclear models. Using a semi-classical prolate-spheroid model, we quantify the transition frequency’s sensitivity to fine-structure constant variations as K = 5900(2300), with uncertainty dominated by the measured charge-radius change Δ〈r2〉. This supports the predicted higher α-sensitivity of nuclear clocks over atomic clocks, important for new-physics searches. We find ΔQ0 strongly dependent on nuclear volume, challenging the constant-volume approximation. The deviation between measured and predicted ΔQ0/Q0 underlines the need for improved modeling and measurement of additional nuclear parameters. We explicitly assess the octupole contribution to α-sensitivity.