<p>High-performance lead-free K<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>NbO<sub>3</sub> piezoelectric ceramics present a practical alternative to lead-containing counterparts by effectively reducing potential environmental hazards. This advancement is particularly relevant to the development of ferroelectric heterojunction devices for biomedical applications. Here, we design and fabricate a frequency-adjustable ferroelectric heterojunction based on the developed K<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>NbO<sub>3</sub> piezoelectric ceramics with a high piezoelectric coefficient (<i>d</i><sub>33</sub> = 680 pC/N). By leveraging flexible encapsulation, the heterojunction achieves miniaturization (<i>φ</i> = 13.3 mm, <i>h</i> = 2.28 mm) and suitability for implantation. After penetrating the rat skull, the ultrasound generated by the heterojunction at a frequency of 3 MHz reaches a focal depth of about 7.9 mm, a focal width of approximately 480 μm at −6 dB, and millimeter-scale continuous focal tuning (1.5 mm) within a narrow frequency range (2.7–3.3 MHz). Additionally, the implanted heterojunction enables long-term and high-precision transcranial neuromodulation, and consequently yields therapeutic effects in a myocardial infarction animal model. Collectively, this study highlights a viable strategy for developing and applying lead-free ferroelectric heterojunctions, expanding their potential in brain modulation, and providing new insights into clinical treatments of myocardial infarction.</p>

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KNN-based frequency-adjustable ferroelectric heterojunction and biomedical applications

  • Tao Zhang,
  • Haoyuan Hu,
  • Hong Jiang,
  • Zhen Wang,
  • Jinfeng Lin,
  • Ye Cheng,
  • Wei Guo,
  • Di Ke,
  • Hai Hang,
  • Mengshu Ta,
  • Jun Ou-Yang,
  • Jiwei Zhai,
  • Xiaofei Yang,
  • Songyun Wang,
  • Benpeng Zhu

摘要

High-performance lead-free K0.5Na0.5NbO3 piezoelectric ceramics present a practical alternative to lead-containing counterparts by effectively reducing potential environmental hazards. This advancement is particularly relevant to the development of ferroelectric heterojunction devices for biomedical applications. Here, we design and fabricate a frequency-adjustable ferroelectric heterojunction based on the developed K0.5Na0.5NbO3 piezoelectric ceramics with a high piezoelectric coefficient (d33 = 680 pC/N). By leveraging flexible encapsulation, the heterojunction achieves miniaturization (φ = 13.3 mm, h = 2.28 mm) and suitability for implantation. After penetrating the rat skull, the ultrasound generated by the heterojunction at a frequency of 3 MHz reaches a focal depth of about 7.9 mm, a focal width of approximately 480 μm at −6 dB, and millimeter-scale continuous focal tuning (1.5 mm) within a narrow frequency range (2.7–3.3 MHz). Additionally, the implanted heterojunction enables long-term and high-precision transcranial neuromodulation, and consequently yields therapeutic effects in a myocardial infarction animal model. Collectively, this study highlights a viable strategy for developing and applying lead-free ferroelectric heterojunctions, expanding their potential in brain modulation, and providing new insights into clinical treatments of myocardial infarction.