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<p>The rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years has profoundly reshaped modern lifestyles, necessitating a revolutionary architecture to support the growing demands for computational power. Cloud computing has become the driving force behind this transformation. However, it consumes significant power and faces computation security risks due to the reliance on extensive data centers and servers in the cloud. Reducing power consumption while enhancing computational scale remains persistent challenges in cloud computing. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an optical cloud computing system that can be seamlessly deployed across edge-metro network. By modulating inputs and models into light, a wide range of edge nodes can directly access the optical computing center via the edge-metro network. The experimental validations show an energy efficiency of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41467_2025_61495_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="38" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(118.6\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mn>118.6</mn> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> mW/TOPs (tera operations per second), reducing energy consumption by two orders of magnitude compared to traditional electronic-based cloud computing solutions. Furthermore, it is experimentally validated that this architecture can perform various complex generative AI models through parallel computing to achieve image generation tasks.</p>

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Seamless optical cloud computing across edge-metro network for generative AI

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月2日

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  • Sizhe Xing,
  • Aolong Sun,
  • Chengxi Wang,
  • Yizhi Wang,
  • Boyu Dong,
  • Junhui Hu,
  • Xuyu Deng,
  • An Yan,
  • Yinjun Liu,
  • Fangchen Hu,
  • Zhongya Li,
  • Ouhan Huang,
  • Junhao Zhao,
  • Yingjun Zhou,
  • Ziwei Li,
  • Jianyang Shi,
  • Xi Xiao,
  • Richard Penty,
  • Qixiang Cheng,
  • Nan Chi,
  • Junwen Zhang

摘要

The rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years has profoundly reshaped modern lifestyles, necessitating a revolutionary architecture to support the growing demands for computational power. Cloud computing has become the driving force behind this transformation. However, it consumes significant power and faces computation security risks due to the reliance on extensive data centers and servers in the cloud. Reducing power consumption while enhancing computational scale remains persistent challenges in cloud computing. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an optical cloud computing system that can be seamlessly deployed across edge-metro network. By modulating inputs and models into light, a wide range of edge nodes can directly access the optical computing center via the edge-metro network. The experimental validations show an energy efficiency of \(118.6\) 118.6 mW/TOPs (tera operations per second), reducing energy consumption by two orders of magnitude compared to traditional electronic-based cloud computing solutions. Furthermore, it is experimentally validated that this architecture can perform various complex generative AI models through parallel computing to achieve image generation tasks.