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<p>Plasma-electrochemical tandem conversion with NO<sub>x</sub><sup>−</sup> as intermediates promises a route for renewable ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) synthesis from air and water. However, a critical challenge lies in developing electrolyzers capable of operating efficiently at large current densities. Here, we present a scalable membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer with a full runner design (MEA-FR) that achieves efficient NH<sub>3</sub> production at industrial current densities. Compared to conventional serpentine runner configuration, MEA-FR leveraging forced convection within porous electrodes achieves three-order-of-magnitude enhancement in NO<sub>x</sub><sup>−</sup> mass transfer flux. This design, meanwhile, generates strong shear forces across the porous electrode, promoting rapid detachment of O<sub>2</sub> bubbles at the anode and reducing overpotential losses. Notably, MEA-FR exhibits a high Faradaic efficiency of 91.8 ± 1.4% for NH<sub>3</sub> synthesis at 500 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, significantly outperforming the serpentine runner counterparts (64.9 ± 1.1%). Furthermore, a scaled-up 4 × 25 cm<sup>2</sup> MEA-FR stack with four modular cells is assembled with rotationally symmetric bipolar plates, delivering high NO<sub>x</sub><sup>−</sup> conversion efficiency (&gt;95%), high Faradaic efficiency (&gt;91%), and long-term stability (&gt;200 h) under industrial-relevant current densities.</p>

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Full runner electrolyzer stack for industrial-current-density NOx−-mediated ammonia synthesis from air and water

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Wei Liu,
  • Yang Lv,
  • Honghui Ou,
  • Jiqiu Zhang,
  • Yuxi Ren,
  • Mengyang Xia,
  • Yang Li,
  • He Li,
  • Xiaoling Ren,
  • Huagui Hu,
  • Guidong Yang

摘要

Plasma-electrochemical tandem conversion with NOx− as intermediates promises a route for renewable ammonia (NH3) synthesis from air and water. However, a critical challenge lies in developing electrolyzers capable of operating efficiently at large current densities. Here, we present a scalable membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer with a full runner design (MEA-FR) that achieves efficient NH3 production at industrial current densities. Compared to conventional serpentine runner configuration, MEA-FR leveraging forced convection within porous electrodes achieves three-order-of-magnitude enhancement in NOx− mass transfer flux. This design, meanwhile, generates strong shear forces across the porous electrode, promoting rapid detachment of O2 bubbles at the anode and reducing overpotential losses. Notably, MEA-FR exhibits a high Faradaic efficiency of 91.8 ± 1.4% for NH3 synthesis at 500 mA cm−2, significantly outperforming the serpentine runner counterparts (64.9 ± 1.1%). Furthermore, a scaled-up 4 × 25 cm2 MEA-FR stack with four modular cells is assembled with rotationally symmetric bipolar plates, delivering high NOx− conversion efficiency (>95%), high Faradaic efficiency (>91%), and long-term stability (>200 h) under industrial-relevant current densities.