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<p>Quantum sensing based on solid-state spin defects provides a uniquely versatile platform for nanoscale magnetometry under diverse environmental conditions. Operation of most sensors used to-date is based on projective measurement along a single axis combined with computational extrapolation. Here, we show that an individually addressable carbon-related spin defect in hexagonal boron nitride is a multi-axis nanoscale sensor with large dynamic range. For this spin-1 system, we demonstrate how its spin-dependent photodynamics give rise to three optically detected spin resonances that show up to 90% contrast and are not quenched under off-axis magnetic field exceeding 100 mT, enabling <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41467_2025_59642_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="81" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu \,{{\rm{T}}}/{{{\rm{Hz}}}^{-1/2}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>μ</mi> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">T</mi> <mo>/</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Hz</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> sensitivity. Finally, we show how this system can be used to unambiguously determine the three components of a target magnetic field via the use of two bias fields. Alongside these features, the room-temperature operation and the nanometer-scale proximity enabled by the van der Waals host material further consolidate this system as a promising quantum sensing platform.</p>

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A single spin in hexagonal boron nitride for vectorial quantum magnetometry

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月28日

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  • Carmem M. Gilardoni,
  • Simone Eizagirre Barker,
  • Catherine L. Curtin,
  • Stephanie A. Fraser,
  • Oliver. F. J. Powell,
  • Dillon K. Lewis,
  • Xiaoxi Deng,
  • Andrew J. Ramsay,
  • Sonachand Adhikari,
  • Chi Li,
  • Igor Aharonovich,
  • Hark Hoe Tan,
  • Mete Atatüre,
  • Hannah L. Stern

摘要

Quantum sensing based on solid-state spin defects provides a uniquely versatile platform for nanoscale magnetometry under diverse environmental conditions. Operation of most sensors used to-date is based on projective measurement along a single axis combined with computational extrapolation. Here, we show that an individually addressable carbon-related spin defect in hexagonal boron nitride is a multi-axis nanoscale sensor with large dynamic range. For this spin-1 system, we demonstrate how its spin-dependent photodynamics give rise to three optically detected spin resonances that show up to 90% contrast and are not quenched under off-axis magnetic field exceeding 100 mT, enabling \(\mu \,{{\rm{T}}}/{{{\rm{Hz}}}^{-1/2}}\) μ T / Hz − 1 / 2 sensitivity. Finally, we show how this system can be used to unambiguously determine the three components of a target magnetic field via the use of two bias fields. Alongside these features, the room-temperature operation and the nanometer-scale proximity enabled by the van der Waals host material further consolidate this system as a promising quantum sensing platform.