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<p>The discovery of photonic higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) has expanded our understanding of band topology, offering robust lower-dimensional boundary states for photonic devices. However, realizing three-dimensional (3D) photonic HOTIs remains challenging due to the vectorial and leaky nature of electromagnetic waves. Here, we present the experimental realization of a 3D Wannier-type photonic HOTI using a tight-binding-like metal-cage photonic crystal, whose band structures align with a 3D tight-binding model via confined Mie resonances. Microwave near-field measurements reveal coexisting topological surface, hinge, and corner states in a single 3D photonic HOTI, consistent with theoretical predictions. Remarkably, these states are robust and self-guided even within the light cone continuum, functioning without ancillary cladding. This work paves the way for multi-dimensional manipulation of electromagnetic waves on 3D cladding-free photonic bandgap materials, enabling practical applications in 3D topological integrated photonic devices.</p>

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Realization of a three-dimensional photonic higher-order topological insulator

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • Ziyao Wang,
  • Yan Meng,
  • Bei Yan,
  • Dong Zhao,
  • Linyun Yang,
  • Jingming Chen,
  • Minqi Cheng,
  • Tao Xiao,
  • Perry Ping Shum,
  • Gui-Geng Liu,
  • Yihao Yang,
  • Hongsheng Chen,
  • Xiang Xi,
  • Zhen-Xiao Zhu,
  • Biye Xie,
  • Zhen Gao

摘要

The discovery of photonic higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) has expanded our understanding of band topology, offering robust lower-dimensional boundary states for photonic devices. However, realizing three-dimensional (3D) photonic HOTIs remains challenging due to the vectorial and leaky nature of electromagnetic waves. Here, we present the experimental realization of a 3D Wannier-type photonic HOTI using a tight-binding-like metal-cage photonic crystal, whose band structures align with a 3D tight-binding model via confined Mie resonances. Microwave near-field measurements reveal coexisting topological surface, hinge, and corner states in a single 3D photonic HOTI, consistent with theoretical predictions. Remarkably, these states are robust and self-guided even within the light cone continuum, functioning without ancillary cladding. This work paves the way for multi-dimensional manipulation of electromagnetic waves on 3D cladding-free photonic bandgap materials, enabling practical applications in 3D topological integrated photonic devices.