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<p><i>Escherichia coli</i> is the most widely studied microbe in history, but the population structure and evolutionary trends of its extrachromosomal elements known as plasmids remain poorly delineated. Here we used long-read technology to high-resolution sequence the entire plasmidome and the corresponding host chromosomes from an unbiased longitudinal survey covering two decades and over 2000 <i>E. coli</i> isolates. We find that some plasmids have persisted in lineages even for centuries, demonstrating strong plasmid-lineage associations. Our analysis provides a detailed map of recent vertical and horizontal evolutionary events involving plasmids with key antibiotic resistance, competition and virulence determinants. We present genomic evidence of both chromosomal and plasmid-driven success strategies adopted by distant lineages by independently inheriting the same genomic elements. Further, we use in vitro experiments to verify the importance of key bacteriocin-producing plasmids for clone success. Our study has general implications for understanding plasmid biology and bacterial evolutionary strategies.</p>

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Plasmid-driven strategies for clone success in Escherichia coli

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月3日

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  • Sergio Arredondo-Alonso,
  • Anna K. Pöntinen,
  • João A. Gama,
  • Rebecca A. Gladstone,
  • Klaus Harms,
  • Gerry Tonkin-Hill,
  • Harry A. Thorpe,
  • Gunnar S. Simonsen,
  • Ørjan Samuelsen,
  • Pål J. Johnsen,
  • Jukka Corander,
  • Nina Handal,
  • Nils Olav Hermansen,
  • Anita Kanestrøm,
  • Hege Elisabeth Larsen,
  • Paul Christoffer Lindemann,
  • Iren Høyland Löhr,
  • Åshild Marvik,
  • Einar Nilsen,
  • Marcela Zamudio,
  • Elisabeth Sirnes,
  • Ståle Tofteland,
  • Kyriakos Zaragkoulias

摘要

Escherichia coli is the most widely studied microbe in history, but the population structure and evolutionary trends of its extrachromosomal elements known as plasmids remain poorly delineated. Here we used long-read technology to high-resolution sequence the entire plasmidome and the corresponding host chromosomes from an unbiased longitudinal survey covering two decades and over 2000 E. coli isolates. We find that some plasmids have persisted in lineages even for centuries, demonstrating strong plasmid-lineage associations. Our analysis provides a detailed map of recent vertical and horizontal evolutionary events involving plasmids with key antibiotic resistance, competition and virulence determinants. We present genomic evidence of both chromosomal and plasmid-driven success strategies adopted by distant lineages by independently inheriting the same genomic elements. Further, we use in vitro experiments to verify the importance of key bacteriocin-producing plasmids for clone success. Our study has general implications for understanding plasmid biology and bacterial evolutionary strategies.