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<p>Microsporidia are single-celled intracellular parasites that cause opportunistic diseases in humans. <i>Encephalitozoon intestinalis</i> is a prevalent human-infecting species that invades the small intestine. Macrophages are potential reservoirs of infection, and dissemination to other organ systems is also observed. The macrophage response to infection and the developmental trajectory of the parasite are not well studied. Here we use single cell RNA sequencing to investigate transcriptional changes in both the parasite and the host during <i>E. intestinalis</i> infection of human macrophages in vitro. The parasite undergoes large transcriptional changes throughout the life cycle, providing a blueprint for parasite development. While a small population of infected macrophages mount a response, most remain transcriptionally unchanged, suggesting that the majority of parasites may avoid host detection. The stealthy microsporidian lifestyle likely allows these parasites to harness macrophages for replication. Together, our data provide insights into the host response in primary human macrophages and the <i>E. intestinalis</i> developmental program.</p>

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scRNA-seq uncovers the transcriptional dynamics of Encephalitozoon intestinalis parasites in human macrophages

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月5日

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  • Pattana Jaroenlak,
  • Kacie L. McCarty,
  • Bo Xia,
  • Cherry Lam,
  • Erin E. Zwack,
  • Nadia L. Almasri,
  • Joseph Sudar,
  • Maelle Aubry,
  • Itai Yanai,
  • Gira Bhabha,
  • Damian C. Ekiert

摘要

Microsporidia are single-celled intracellular parasites that cause opportunistic diseases in humans. Encephalitozoon intestinalis is a prevalent human-infecting species that invades the small intestine. Macrophages are potential reservoirs of infection, and dissemination to other organ systems is also observed. The macrophage response to infection and the developmental trajectory of the parasite are not well studied. Here we use single cell RNA sequencing to investigate transcriptional changes in both the parasite and the host during E. intestinalis infection of human macrophages in vitro. The parasite undergoes large transcriptional changes throughout the life cycle, providing a blueprint for parasite development. While a small population of infected macrophages mount a response, most remain transcriptionally unchanged, suggesting that the majority of parasites may avoid host detection. The stealthy microsporidian lifestyle likely allows these parasites to harness macrophages for replication. Together, our data provide insights into the host response in primary human macrophages and the E. intestinalis developmental program.