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<p><i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i>, a promising candidate for next-generation probiotics, exhibits significant genomic diversity, classified into several distinct clades (AmI to AmIV). Notably, a single <i>Akkermansia</i> clade tends to predominate within individual hosts, with co-occurrence of different clades being rare. The mechanisms driving such clade-specific exclusion remain unclear. Here, we show that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from AmII clade inhibit the growth of clade I (AmI), conferring a competitive advantage to AmII. Moreover, we observe clade-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses, where AmII clade-specific IgAs, induced by EVs from AmII, facilitate niche occupancy and competitive exclusion of AmI. These findings provide insights into the competitive dynamics of <i>A. muciniphila</i> clades and suggest that future personalized microbiome interventions could be optimized by considering the clade composition of <i>A. muciniphila</i> in individual hosts.</p>

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Clade-specific extracellular vesicles from Akkermansia muciniphila mediate competitive colonization via direct inhibition and immune stimulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月19日

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  • Moon-Gi Hong,
  • Eun-Ji Song,
  • Hye Jin Yoon,
  • Won-Hyong Chung,
  • Hae Yeong Seo,
  • Dohak Kim,
  • Dokyung Lee,
  • Jae-Gu Seo,
  • Hayoung Lee,
  • Seung Il Kim,
  • Gwang Joong Kim,
  • Kil-Nam Kim,
  • Sang-Nam Lee,
  • Kwang Soon Kim,
  • Young-Do Nam

摘要

Akkermansia muciniphila, a promising candidate for next-generation probiotics, exhibits significant genomic diversity, classified into several distinct clades (AmI to AmIV). Notably, a single Akkermansia clade tends to predominate within individual hosts, with co-occurrence of different clades being rare. The mechanisms driving such clade-specific exclusion remain unclear. Here, we show that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from AmII clade inhibit the growth of clade I (AmI), conferring a competitive advantage to AmII. Moreover, we observe clade-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses, where AmII clade-specific IgAs, induced by EVs from AmII, facilitate niche occupancy and competitive exclusion of AmI. These findings provide insights into the competitive dynamics of A. muciniphila clades and suggest that future personalized microbiome interventions could be optimized by considering the clade composition of A. muciniphila in individual hosts.