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<p>Vaccination leads to rapid expansion of antigen-specific T cells within in the first few days. However, understanding of transcriptomic changes and fates of antigen-specific T cells upon vaccination remains limited. Here, we investigate the fate of memory CD4+ T cells upon reactivation to recombinant zoster vaccine for shingles at cellular and transcriptional levels. We show that glycoprotein E-specific memory CD4+ T cells respond strongly, their frequencies remain high, and they retain markers of cell activation one year following vaccination. Memory T cells with the most dominant TCR clonotype pre-vaccination remain prevalent at year one post-vaccination. These data implicate a major role for pre-existing memory T cells in perpetuating immune repertoires upon re-encountering cognate antigens. Differential gene expression indicates that cells post-vaccination are distinct from cells at baseline, suggesting committed memory T cells display transcriptional changes upon vaccination that could alter their responses against cognate immunogens.</p>

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Longitudinal single cell profiling of epitope specific memory CD4+ T cell responses to recombinant zoster vaccine

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月8日

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  • Xiaomin Wen,
  • Alex K. Hu,
  • Scott R. Presnell,
  • Emily S. Ford,
  • David M. Koelle,
  • William W. Kwok

摘要

Vaccination leads to rapid expansion of antigen-specific T cells within in the first few days. However, understanding of transcriptomic changes and fates of antigen-specific T cells upon vaccination remains limited. Here, we investigate the fate of memory CD4+ T cells upon reactivation to recombinant zoster vaccine for shingles at cellular and transcriptional levels. We show that glycoprotein E-specific memory CD4+ T cells respond strongly, their frequencies remain high, and they retain markers of cell activation one year following vaccination. Memory T cells with the most dominant TCR clonotype pre-vaccination remain prevalent at year one post-vaccination. These data implicate a major role for pre-existing memory T cells in perpetuating immune repertoires upon re-encountering cognate antigens. Differential gene expression indicates that cells post-vaccination are distinct from cells at baseline, suggesting committed memory T cells display transcriptional changes upon vaccination that could alter their responses against cognate immunogens.