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<p>The genetic bases of mosaic pigmentation disorders have increasingly been identified, but these conditions remain poorly characterised, and their pathophysiology is unclear. Here, we report in four unrelated patients that a recurrent postzygotic mutation in <i>GNA13</i> is responsible for a recognizable syndrome with hypomelanosis of Ito associated with developmental anomalies. <i>GNA13</i> encodes Gα<sub>13</sub>, a subunit of αβγ heterotrimeric G proteins coupled to specific transmembrane receptors known as G-protein coupled receptors. In-depth functional investigations revealed that this R200K mutation provides a gain of function to Gα<sub>13</sub>. Mechanistically, we show that this variant hyperactivates the RHOA/ROCK signalling pathway that consequently increases actin polymerisation and myosin light chains phosphorylation, and promotes melanocytes rounding. Our results also indicate that R200K Gα<sub>13</sub> hyperactivates the YAP signalling pathway. All these changes appear to affect cell migration and adhesion but not the proliferation. Our results suggest that hypopigmentation can result from a defect in melanosome transfer to keratinocytes due to cell shape alterations. These findings highlight the interaction between heterotrimeric G proteins and the RHOA pathway, and their role in melanocyte function.</p>

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A postzygotic GNA13 variant upregulates the RHOA/ROCK pathway and alters melanocyte function in a mosaic skin hypopigmentation syndrome

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月18日

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  • Rana El Masri,
  • Alberto Iannuzzo,
  • Paul Kuentz,
  • Rachida Tacine,
  • Marie Vincent,
  • Sébastien Barbarot,
  • Fanny Morice-Picard,
  • Franck Boralevi,
  • Naia Oillarburu,
  • Juliette Mazereeuw-Hautier,
  • Yannis Duffourd,
  • Laurence Faivre,
  • Arthur Sorlin,
  • Pierre Vabres,
  • Jérôme Delon

摘要

The genetic bases of mosaic pigmentation disorders have increasingly been identified, but these conditions remain poorly characterised, and their pathophysiology is unclear. Here, we report in four unrelated patients that a recurrent postzygotic mutation in GNA13 is responsible for a recognizable syndrome with hypomelanosis of Ito associated with developmental anomalies. GNA13 encodes Gα13, a subunit of αβγ heterotrimeric G proteins coupled to specific transmembrane receptors known as G-protein coupled receptors. In-depth functional investigations revealed that this R200K mutation provides a gain of function to Gα13. Mechanistically, we show that this variant hyperactivates the RHOA/ROCK signalling pathway that consequently increases actin polymerisation and myosin light chains phosphorylation, and promotes melanocytes rounding. Our results also indicate that R200K Gα13 hyperactivates the YAP signalling pathway. All these changes appear to affect cell migration and adhesion but not the proliferation. Our results suggest that hypopigmentation can result from a defect in melanosome transfer to keratinocytes due to cell shape alterations. These findings highlight the interaction between heterotrimeric G proteins and the RHOA pathway, and their role in melanocyte function.