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<p>Bi-defect sites are highly effective for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) to formic acid, yet most catalytic surfaces predominantly feature inert, non-defective Bi sites. To overcome this limitation, herein, tensile strain is introduced on wholescale non-defective Bi sites. Under rapid thermal shock, the Bi-based metal-organic framework (Bi-MOF-TS) shows weakened Bi–O bonds and produced tiny Bi clusters. During electrochemical reduction, these clusters create numerous continuous vacancies, inducing weak tensile strain over a large range of surrounding non-defective Bi sites. This strain enhances *OHCO intermediates adsorption and substantially lowers the reaction barrier. As a result, Bi-MOF-TS achieves a faradaic efficiency above 90% across 800 mV potential range, with an impressive formate partial current density of −995 ± 93 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. Notably, Bi-MOF-TS exhibits a high HCOOH faradaic efficiency of 96 ± 0.64% at 400 mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup> in acidic electrolyte and a high single-pass carbon conversion efficiency (SPCE) of 62.0%. Additionally, a Zn-CO<sub>2</sub> battery with Bi-MOF-TS as the cathode demonstrates a peak power density of 21.4 mW cm<sup>−2</sup> and maintains stability over 300 cycles.</p>

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Activating inert non-defect sites in Bi catalysts using tensile strain engineering for highly active CO2 electroreduction

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月24日

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  • Xingbao Chen,
  • Ruihu Lu,
  • Chengbo Li,
  • Wen Luo,
  • Ruohan Yu,
  • Jiexin Zhu,
  • Lei Lv,
  • Yuhang Dai,
  • Shanhe Gong,
  • Yazhou Zhou,
  • Weiwei Xiong,
  • Jiahao Wu,
  • Hongwei Cai,
  • Xinfei Wu,
  • Zhaohui Deng,
  • Boyu Xing,
  • Lin Su,
  • Feiyue Wang,
  • Feiyang Chao,
  • Wei Chen,
  • Chuan Xia,
  • Ziyun Wang,
  • Liqiang Mai

摘要

Bi-defect sites are highly effective for CO2 reduction (CO2RR) to formic acid, yet most catalytic surfaces predominantly feature inert, non-defective Bi sites. To overcome this limitation, herein, tensile strain is introduced on wholescale non-defective Bi sites. Under rapid thermal shock, the Bi-based metal-organic framework (Bi-MOF-TS) shows weakened Bi–O bonds and produced tiny Bi clusters. During electrochemical reduction, these clusters create numerous continuous vacancies, inducing weak tensile strain over a large range of surrounding non-defective Bi sites. This strain enhances *OHCO intermediates adsorption and substantially lowers the reaction barrier. As a result, Bi-MOF-TS achieves a faradaic efficiency above 90% across 800 mV potential range, with an impressive formate partial current density of −995 ± 93 mA cm−2. Notably, Bi-MOF-TS exhibits a high HCOOH faradaic efficiency of 96 ± 0.64% at 400 mA cm−2 in acidic electrolyte and a high single-pass carbon conversion efficiency (SPCE) of 62.0%. Additionally, a Zn-CO2 battery with Bi-MOF-TS as the cathode demonstrates a peak power density of 21.4 mW cm−2 and maintains stability over 300 cycles.