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<p>We report 156 sediment metagenomes from Adélie penguin (<i>Pygoscelis adeliae</i>) colonies dating back 6000 years along the Ross Sea coast, Antarctica, and identify marine and terrestrial eukaryotes, including locally occurring bird and seal species. The data reveal spatiotemporal patterns of Adélie penguin diet, including spatial patterns in consumption of cnidarians, a historically overlooked component of Adélie penguin diets. Relative proportions of Adélie penguin mitochondrial lineages detected at each colony are comparable to those previously reported from bones. Elevated levels of Adélie penguin mitochondrial nucleotide diversity in upper stratigraphic samples of several active colonies are consistent with recent population growth. Moreover, the highest levels of Adélie penguin mitochondrial nucleotide diversity recovered from surface sediment layers are from the two largest colonies, indicating that <i>seda</i>DNA could provide estimates for the former size of abandoned colonies. <i>Seda</i>DNA also reveals prior occupation of the Cape Hallett Adélie penguin colony site by southern elephant seal (<i>Mirounga leonina</i>), demonstrating how terrestrial <i>seda</i>DNA can detect faunal turnover events in Antarctica driven by past climate or sea ice conditions. Low rates of cytosine deamination indicate exceptional <i>seda</i>DNA preservation within the region, suggesting there is high potential for recovering much older <i>seda</i>DNA records from local Pleistocene terrestrial sediments.</p>

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Sedimentary DNA insights into Holocene Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) populations and ecology in the Ross Sea, Antarctica

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月5日

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  • Jamie R. Wood,
  • Chengran Zhou,
  • Theresa L. Cole,
  • Morgan Coleman,
  • Dean P. Anderson,
  • Phil O’B. Lyver,
  • Shangjin Tan,
  • Xueyan Xiang,
  • Xinrui Long,
  • Senyu Luo,
  • Miao Lou,
  • John R. Southon,
  • Qiye Li,
  • Guojie Zhang

摘要

We report 156 sediment metagenomes from Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colonies dating back 6000 years along the Ross Sea coast, Antarctica, and identify marine and terrestrial eukaryotes, including locally occurring bird and seal species. The data reveal spatiotemporal patterns of Adélie penguin diet, including spatial patterns in consumption of cnidarians, a historically overlooked component of Adélie penguin diets. Relative proportions of Adélie penguin mitochondrial lineages detected at each colony are comparable to those previously reported from bones. Elevated levels of Adélie penguin mitochondrial nucleotide diversity in upper stratigraphic samples of several active colonies are consistent with recent population growth. Moreover, the highest levels of Adélie penguin mitochondrial nucleotide diversity recovered from surface sediment layers are from the two largest colonies, indicating that sedaDNA could provide estimates for the former size of abandoned colonies. SedaDNA also reveals prior occupation of the Cape Hallett Adélie penguin colony site by southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina), demonstrating how terrestrial sedaDNA can detect faunal turnover events in Antarctica driven by past climate or sea ice conditions. Low rates of cytosine deamination indicate exceptional sedaDNA preservation within the region, suggesting there is high potential for recovering much older sedaDNA records from local Pleistocene terrestrial sediments.