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<p>Observations show an increase in the seasonal cycle amplitude of CO<sub>2</sub> in northern latitudes over the past half century. Although multiple drivers contribute, observations and inversion models cannot quantitatively account for the factors contributing to the increased CO<sub>2</sub> amplitude and older versions of Earth System Models (ESMs) do not simulate it. Here we show that several current generation ESMs are closer to the observed CO<sub>2</sub> amplitude and highlight that in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) agricultural nitrogen (N) fertilization increases CO<sub>2</sub> amplitude by 1-3 ppm throughout the Northern Hemisphere and up to 9 ppm in agricultural hotspots. While agricultural N fertilization is the largest contributor to the enhanced amplitude (45%) in Northern Hemisphere land-atmosphere carbon fluxes in CESM, higher CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations and warmer temperatures also contribute, though to a lesser extent (40% and 18% respectively). Our results emphasize the fundamental role of agricultural management in Northern Hemisphere carbon cycle feedbacks and illustrate that agricultural N fertilization should be considered in future carbon cycle simulations.</p>

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Agricultural fertilization significantly enhances amplitude of land-atmosphere CO2 exchange

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月18日

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  • Danica L. Lombardozzi,
  • William R. Wieder,
  • Gretchen Keppel-Aleks,
  • Jiameng Lai,
  • Zhenqi Luo,
  • Ying Sun,
  • Isla R. Simpson,
  • David M. Lawrence,
  • Gordon B. Bonan,
  • Xin Lin,
  • Charles D. Koven,
  • Pierre Friedlingstein,
  • Keith Lindsay

摘要

Observations show an increase in the seasonal cycle amplitude of CO2 in northern latitudes over the past half century. Although multiple drivers contribute, observations and inversion models cannot quantitatively account for the factors contributing to the increased CO2 amplitude and older versions of Earth System Models (ESMs) do not simulate it. Here we show that several current generation ESMs are closer to the observed CO2 amplitude and highlight that in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) agricultural nitrogen (N) fertilization increases CO2 amplitude by 1-3 ppm throughout the Northern Hemisphere and up to 9 ppm in agricultural hotspots. While agricultural N fertilization is the largest contributor to the enhanced amplitude (45%) in Northern Hemisphere land-atmosphere carbon fluxes in CESM, higher CO2 concentrations and warmer temperatures also contribute, though to a lesser extent (40% and 18% respectively). Our results emphasize the fundamental role of agricultural management in Northern Hemisphere carbon cycle feedbacks and illustrate that agricultural N fertilization should be considered in future carbon cycle simulations.