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<p>Commensal bacteria affect host health by producing various metabolites from dietary carbohydrates via bacterial glycometabolism; however, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we identified <i>Streptococcus salivarius</i> as a unique anti-obesity commensal bacterium. We found that <i>S. salivarius</i> may prevent host obesity caused by excess sucrose intake via the exopolysaccharide (EPS) –short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) –carbohydrate metabolic axis in male mice. Healthy human donor-derived <i>S. salivarius</i> produced high EPS levels from sucrose but not from other sugars. <i>S. salivarius</i> abundance was significantly decreased in human donors with obesity compared with that in healthy donors, and the EPS–SCFA bacterial carbohydrate metabolic process was attenuated. Our findings reveal an important mechanism by which host–commensal interactions in glycometabolism affect energy regulation, suggesting an approach for preventing lifestyle-related diseases via prebiotics and probiotics by targeting bacteria and EPS metabolites.</p>

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Sucrose-preferring gut microbes prevent host obesity by producing exopolysaccharides

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月29日

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  • Hidenori Shimizu,
  • Junki Miyamoto,
  • Keiko Hisa,
  • Ryuji Ohue-Kitano,
  • Hiromi Takada,
  • Mayu Yamano,
  • Akari Nishida,
  • Daiki Sasahara,
  • Yuki Masujima,
  • Keita Watanabe,
  • Shota Nishikawa,
  • Sakura Takahashi,
  • Takako Ikeda,
  • Yuya Nakajima,
  • Naofumi Yoshida,
  • Chiaki Matsuzaki,
  • Takuya Kageyama,
  • Ibuki Hayashi,
  • Akari Matsuki,
  • Ryo Akashi,
  • Seiichi Kitahama,
  • Masako Ueyama,
  • Takumi Murakami,
  • Shinsuke Inuki,
  • Junichiro Irie,
  • Noriko Satoh-Asahara,
  • Hirokazu Toju,
  • Hiroshi Mori,
  • Shinji Nakaoka,
  • Tomoya Yamashita,
  • Atsushi Toyoda,
  • Kenji Yamamoto,
  • Hiroaki Ohno,
  • Takane Katayama,
  • Hiroshi Itoh,
  • Ikuo Kimura

摘要

Commensal bacteria affect host health by producing various metabolites from dietary carbohydrates via bacterial glycometabolism; however, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we identified Streptococcus salivarius as a unique anti-obesity commensal bacterium. We found that S. salivarius may prevent host obesity caused by excess sucrose intake via the exopolysaccharide (EPS) –short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) –carbohydrate metabolic axis in male mice. Healthy human donor-derived S. salivarius produced high EPS levels from sucrose but not from other sugars. S. salivarius abundance was significantly decreased in human donors with obesity compared with that in healthy donors, and the EPS–SCFA bacterial carbohydrate metabolic process was attenuated. Our findings reveal an important mechanism by which host–commensal interactions in glycometabolism affect energy regulation, suggesting an approach for preventing lifestyle-related diseases via prebiotics and probiotics by targeting bacteria and EPS metabolites.