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<p>Healthy dietary patterns rich in legumes can improve metabolic health, although their additional benefits in conjunction with calorie restriction have not been well-established. We investigated effects of a calorie-restricted, legume-enriched, multicomponent intervention diet compared with a calorie-restricted control diet in 127 Chinese prediabetes participants, living in Singapore. The study was a 16-week, single-blind, parallel-design, randomized controlled trial (n = 63 intervention group (IG), n = 64 control group (CG); mean ± SD age 62.2 ± 6.3 years, BMI 23.8 ± 2.6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Primary outcomes were markers of glycemia and all measurements were taken at 2 or 4-weekly intervals. At the end of 16 weeks, both groups had significantly lower BMI (<i>q</i><sub>(<i>Time</i>)</sub> = 1.92 ×10<sup>-42</sup>, <i>β</i>  = -0.02) compared with baseline, with minimal difference between groups. The IG had significantly greater reductions in LDL cholesterol (<i>q</i><sub>(<i>Treatment×Time</i>)</sub> = 0.01, <i>β</i>  = -0.16), total cholesterol (<i>q</i><sub>(<i>Treatment×Time</i>)</sub> = 0.02, <i>β</i>  = -0.3) and HbA1c (<i>q</i><sub>(<i>Treatment×Time</i>)</sub> = 0.04, <i>β</i>  = -0.004) compared with CG, alongside increases in fiber degrading species in IG, mediated through metabolites such as bile acids and amino acids. A legume-enriched, multicomponent intervention diet can improve metabolic health in a prediabetes population, in addition to benefits obtained from calorie restriction alone, partially mediated through changes in gut microbial composition and function. Trial registration: Clinical Trials NCT04745702.</p>

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A legume-enriched diet improves metabolic health in prediabetes mediated through gut microbiome: a randomized controlled trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月22日

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  • Xiaorong Wu,
  • Alvin Surya Tjahyo,
  • Vera Sergeyevna Brok Volchanskaya,
  • Long Hui Wong,
  • Xianning Lai,
  • Yi Ning Yong,
  • Farhana Osman,
  • Shia Lyn Tay,
  • Priya Govindharajulu,
  • Shalini Ponnalagu,
  • Rachel Tso,
  • Hwee Sze Teo,
  • Kaijie Khoo,
  • Huan Fan,
  • Chew Chan Goh,
  • Clara Poh Lian Yap,
  • Melvin Khee-Shing Leow,
  • Christiani Jeyakumar Henry,
  • Sumanto Haldar,
  • Kevin Junliang Lim

摘要

Healthy dietary patterns rich in legumes can improve metabolic health, although their additional benefits in conjunction with calorie restriction have not been well-established. We investigated effects of a calorie-restricted, legume-enriched, multicomponent intervention diet compared with a calorie-restricted control diet in 127 Chinese prediabetes participants, living in Singapore. The study was a 16-week, single-blind, parallel-design, randomized controlled trial (n = 63 intervention group (IG), n = 64 control group (CG); mean ± SD age 62.2 ± 6.3 years, BMI 23.8 ± 2.6 kg/m2). Primary outcomes were markers of glycemia and all measurements were taken at 2 or 4-weekly intervals. At the end of 16 weeks, both groups had significantly lower BMI (q(Time) = 1.92 ×10-42, β  = -0.02) compared with baseline, with minimal difference between groups. The IG had significantly greater reductions in LDL cholesterol (q(Treatment×Time) = 0.01, β  = -0.16), total cholesterol (q(Treatment×Time) = 0.02, β  = -0.3) and HbA1c (q(Treatment×Time) = 0.04, β  = -0.004) compared with CG, alongside increases in fiber degrading species in IG, mediated through metabolites such as bile acids and amino acids. A legume-enriched, multicomponent intervention diet can improve metabolic health in a prediabetes population, in addition to benefits obtained from calorie restriction alone, partially mediated through changes in gut microbial composition and function. Trial registration: Clinical Trials NCT04745702.