Designing Ni₂MnSn Heusler magnetic nanoprecipitate in copper alloy for increased strength and electromagnetic shielding

Structural electromagnetic shielding materials are required to withstand high stress and electromagnetic interference in extreme environments. In this paper, a nano-magnetic Heusler phase with desired structure parameters was successfully obtained in a copper matrix by employing a multi-objective driving design strategy. The resulting copper alloy exhibits a yield strength of up to 1.5 GPa, and the attenuation degree of electromagnetic wave reaches 99.999999999% (110 dB) within the frequency range of 10 kHz to 3 GHz. The research suggests that the Ni₂MnSn precipitates with optimized structure parameters (including high number density: 5 × 10²³m⁻³, small size: 23 nm, large aspect ratio: 4, low mismatch: 2.3%, strong bonding: -0.316 eV/atom, magnetic order: 4.05 μ_B/f.u.) both reinforce the matrix by strong pinning and enhance electromagnetic shielding properties through magnetic-electric coupling. This design method tailored for multiple performance requirements provides a valuable tool for the development of structure-function integrated materials.