Hierarchical assembly of Ag₄₀ nanowheel ranging from building blocks to diverse superstructure regulation

Achieving precise and controllable hierarchical self-assembly of functional nanoclusters within crystal lattices to create distinct architectures is of immense significance, yet it creates considerable challenges. Here we successfully synthesized a silver nanowheel Ag₄₀, along with its optically pure enantiomers S-/R-Ag_40. Each species possesses an internal nanospace and exhibits host-guest interactions. These structures are constructed from primary building blocks (Ag₉). By manipulating the surface anions and guest molecules, the nanowheels function as secondary building blocks, spontaneously organizing into complex double- and triple-helical crystalline superstructures or one-dimensional chains {Ag₄₁}_n through conformational matching and diverse noncovalent interactions. Moreover, we demonstrate that the water-mediated complex specifically assembled with uridine monophosphate nucleotides, resulting in chiral assemblies of Ag₄₀ that exhibit chiroptical activity for specific recognition. Our findings provide insights into the efficient construction of assemblies with hollow frameworks and propose strategies for superstructure engineering by manipulating surface motifs.