Cell state dependent effects of Bmal1 on melanoma immunity and tumorigenicity

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2024年1月20日

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Xue Zhang,
Shishir M. Pant,
Cecily C. Ritch,
Hsin-Yao Tang,
Hongguang Shao,
Harsh Dweep,
Yao-Yu Gong,
Rebekah Brooks,
Patricia Brafford,
Adam J. Wolpaw,
Yool Lee,
Ashani Weeraratna,
Amita Sehgal,
Meenhard Herlyn,
Andrew Kossenkov,
David Speicher,
Peter K. Sorger,
Sandro Santagata,
Chi V. Dang

摘要

The circadian clock regulator Bmal1 modulates tumorigenesis, but its reported effects are inconsistent. Here, we show that Bmal1 has a context-dependent role in mouse melanoma tumor growth. Loss of Bmal1 in YUMM2.1 or B16-F10 melanoma cells eliminates clock function and diminishes hypoxic gene expression and tumorigenesis, which could be rescued by ectopic expression of HIF1α in YUMM2.1 cells. By contrast, over-expressed wild-type or a transcriptionally inactive mutant Bmal1 non-canonically sequester myosin heavy chain 9 (Myh9) to increase MRTF-SRF activity and AP-1 transcriptional signature, and shift YUMM2.1 cells from a Sox10^high to a Sox9^high immune resistant, mesenchymal cell state that is found in human melanomas. Our work describes a link between Bmal1, Myh9, mouse melanoma cell plasticity, and tumor immunity. This connection may underlie cancer therapeutic resistance and underpin the link between the circadian clock, MRTF-SRF and the cytoskeleton.