Effects of sacubitril/valsartan according to daily salt intake and comparison with thiazide add-on treatment in patients with uncontrolled hypertension
摘要
This post-hoc study had two aims: first, to evaluate the effects of sacubitril/valsartan on salt intake, and second, to compare sacubitril/valsartan with thiazide diuretics in patients with uncontrolled hypertension and high salt intake. Among patients with uncontrolled hypertension despite treatment with a combination of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors and calcium channel blockers, those who were switched to sacubitril/valsartan (sacubitril/valsartan group, n = 351) and those who were prescribed a thiazide add-on (thiazide group, n = 260) were included. The participants were divided into two groups (high and low salt groups) based on their daily salt intake. To adjust confounding factors, A propensity score analysis with inverse probability weighting was performed to compare both groups. A cutoff value of 8.2 g of daily salt intake was calculated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. In the sacubitril/valsartan group, no significant differences in blood pressure were observed between the high and low salt groups. Within the high salt group, the systolic home morning blood pressure was lower in the sacubitril/valsartan group than in the thiazide group by –4.0 mmHg [95% confidence interval: –7.0, 0.9] (p = 0.01). Significantly lower uric acid and glycated hemoglobin A1c, and a smaller annual decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate were observed in the sacubitril/valsartan group than in the thiazide group (p < 0.00, p = 0.01, and p = 0.004, respectively). In conclusion, daily salt intake does not influence the antihypertensive effects of sacubitril/valsartan. Furthermore, sacubitril/valsartan demonstrated superior efficacy over thiazides in patients with high salt intake, in addition to superior antihypertensive effects.