<p>Childhood obesity is rising in India alongside a global increase, creating a double burden where undernutrition coexists with growing overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Recent national surveys and meta-analyses indicate that 9-12% of Indian children and adolescents are obese or overweight. Prevention requires population-level strategies that reshape food and physical activity environments. Strong evidence supports fiscal measures on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB), clear Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labelling (FOPNL), and statutory restrictions on marketing to children, complemented by school and family-based programmes. India has established important building blocks, including the 2020 Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) regulations restricting High Fat, Salt, Sugar (HFSS) foods in and around schools, the Ayushman Bharat School Health Programme (AB-SHP), the Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman (PM POSHAN) meal scheme, and higher effective taxation on sugary drinks, with a front-of-pack labelling system under development. To strengthen impact, priorities include strict enforcement of school-food rules, along with provision of safe drinking water within the school settings; finalisation of interpretive labelling, comprehensive marketing restrictions across all media and retail near schools, and channelling revenue from HFSS taxation towards providing nutritious meals in schools. Safeguarding physical education and recess, promoting active school transport, and integrating early-life actions such as breastfeeding support and antibiotic stewardship are also important. Progress depends on routine surveillance for crossing of centiles, equity-focused evaluation of policy implementation and program outcomes, transparent public scorecards detailing adherence to policies and program impact, and safeguards against conflicts of interest. With rigorous and equitable implementation, India can bend the paediatric obesity trajectory at scale.</p>