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Background/Objectives <p>Low intake of B vitamins may increase dementia; However, epidemiological evidence, particularly for riboflavin (vitamin B₂), remains sparse. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary intakes of B vitamins (riboflavin, vitamin B<sub>6</sub>, vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, and folate) and the incidence of disabling dementia necessitating care under Japan’s national insurance over a 15-year observation period.</p> Methods <p>As part of the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study, a prospective study involving a community-based cohort of 4171 Japanese individuals aged 40–69 years was conducted. Dietary intakes of B vitamins were estimated through a single 24-h dietary recall method. Disabling dementia was defined by the daily living disability status related to dementia based on the long-term care insurance system of Japan. Hazard ratios of disabling dementia were estimated using area-stratified Cox proportional hazard models.</p> Results <p>Over a median follow-up of 15.4 years, 887 cases of disabling dementia were identified. Riboflavin intake was inversely associated with the risk of disabling dementia; the multivariable hazard ratio for the highest versus lowest quartiles was 0.51 (95% CI 0.42–0.63; <i>P</i> for trend &lt;0.001). A similar inverse association was observed for vitamin B<sub>6</sub> and folate intakes, with multivariable hazard ratios of 0.80 (0.66–0.97; <i>P</i> for trend = 0.01) and 0.79 (0.65–0.96; <i>P</i> for trend &lt;0.001), respectively.</p> Conclusions <p>Our findings suggest that dietary intake of B vitamins, especially riboflavin, vitamin B<sub>6</sub>, and folate, is associated with a reduced risk of disabling dementia in Japanese individuals.</p>

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Dietary intake of folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and riboflavin and the risk of incident dementia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • Rie Kishida,
  • Kazumasa Yamagishi,
  • Koutatsu Maruyama,
  • Ai Ikeda,
  • Mizuki Sata,
  • Mari Tanaka,
  • Chika Okada,
  • Yasuhiko Kubota,
  • Mina Hayama-Terada,
  • Yuji Shimizu,
  • Isao Muraki,
  • Mitsumasa Umesawa,
  • Hironori Imano,
  • Tomoko Sankai,
  • Takeo Okada,
  • Akihiko Kitamura,
  • Masahiko Kiyama,
  • Hiroyasu Iso

摘要

Background/Objectives

Low intake of B vitamins may increase dementia; However, epidemiological evidence, particularly for riboflavin (vitamin B₂), remains sparse. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary intakes of B vitamins (riboflavin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folate) and the incidence of disabling dementia necessitating care under Japan’s national insurance over a 15-year observation period.

Methods

As part of the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study, a prospective study involving a community-based cohort of 4171 Japanese individuals aged 40–69 years was conducted. Dietary intakes of B vitamins were estimated through a single 24-h dietary recall method. Disabling dementia was defined by the daily living disability status related to dementia based on the long-term care insurance system of Japan. Hazard ratios of disabling dementia were estimated using area-stratified Cox proportional hazard models.

Results

Over a median follow-up of 15.4 years, 887 cases of disabling dementia were identified. Riboflavin intake was inversely associated with the risk of disabling dementia; the multivariable hazard ratio for the highest versus lowest quartiles was 0.51 (95% CI 0.42–0.63; P for trend <0.001). A similar inverse association was observed for vitamin B6 and folate intakes, with multivariable hazard ratios of 0.80 (0.66–0.97; P for trend = 0.01) and 0.79 (0.65–0.96; P for trend <0.001), respectively.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that dietary intake of B vitamins, especially riboflavin, vitamin B6, and folate, is associated with a reduced risk of disabling dementia in Japanese individuals.