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Background <p>Chrononutrition studies suggest that eating later and extending the eating window are linked to higher energy intake and obesity. However, the relationship between chrononutrition variables and dietary intake, as well as with BMI, is still little explored at a population level. This study explored how chrononutrition variables relate to dietary intake and BMI at a population level.</p> Methods <p>We analyzed data from the NHANES 2017–2018, including 2937 participants aged 18 years or older. Dietary intake was assessed by two 24-h dietary recalls. Caloric midpoint, eating window duration, sleep end-first meal and last meal-sleep onset intervals were determined by mealtime.</p> Results <p>The findings indicate a trend of increased total consumption of energy (kcal) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), carbohydrates (g) (<i>p</i> = 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001); protein (g) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> = 0.008; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), fat (g) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> = 0.007; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and sugar (g) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) as the sleep end-first meal interval decreases and the last meal-sleep onset interval, eating window, and energy intake after 8 pm increases, respectively. In addition, our findings suggest a trend of increased BMI in the group with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² (<i>p</i> = 0.018) as sleep end-first meal interval increases and in the group with BMI &lt; 25 kg/m² (<i>p</i> = 0.006) as the eating window increases.</p> Conclusion <p>Our findings suggest that eating later and having longer eating window are associated with higher dietary intake and higher BMI.</p>

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Association of meal time patterns with dietary intake and body mass index: a chrononutrition approach from NHANES 2017-2018

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月26日

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  • Gabriela Pereira Teixeira,
  • Nayara Bernardes da Cunha,
  • Catarina Machado Azeredo,
  • Ana Elisa Madalena Rinaldi,
  • Cibele Aparecida Crispim

摘要

Background

Chrononutrition studies suggest that eating later and extending the eating window are linked to higher energy intake and obesity. However, the relationship between chrononutrition variables and dietary intake, as well as with BMI, is still little explored at a population level. This study explored how chrononutrition variables relate to dietary intake and BMI at a population level.

Methods

We analyzed data from the NHANES 2017–2018, including 2937 participants aged 18 years or older. Dietary intake was assessed by two 24-h dietary recalls. Caloric midpoint, eating window duration, sleep end-first meal and last meal-sleep onset intervals were determined by mealtime.

Results

The findings indicate a trend of increased total consumption of energy (kcal) (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001), carbohydrates (g) (p = 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001); protein (g) (p < 0.001; p = 0.008; p < 0.001; p < 0.001), fat (g) (p < 0.001; p = 0.007; p < 0.001; p < 0.001), and sugar (g) (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001) as the sleep end-first meal interval decreases and the last meal-sleep onset interval, eating window, and energy intake after 8 pm increases, respectively. In addition, our findings suggest a trend of increased BMI in the group with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² (p = 0.018) as sleep end-first meal interval increases and in the group with BMI < 25 kg/m² (p = 0.006) as the eating window increases.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that eating later and having longer eating window are associated with higher dietary intake and higher BMI.