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<p>A Gram-positive actinomycete, designated strain C-140ᵀ, was isolated from the crustose lichen <i>Arthonia leioplacella</i> collected in Thailand. A polyphasic taxonomic study demonstrated that the strain represents a member of the genus <i>Actinomycetospora</i>. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain C-140ᵀ exhibited the highest sequence similarity to <i>Actinomycetospora lutea</i> TT00-04ᵀ (98.62%), followed by <i>Actinomycetospora lemnae</i> DW7H6ᵀ (98.55%). Phylogenomic analysis indicated that <i>Actinomycetospora chlora</i> JCM 17979ᵀ is the closest phylogenetic relative of strain C-140ᵀ. Morphologically, the strain formed extensively branched substrate mycelium that fragmented into cylindrical spores, with swollen spores observed at the tips of the mycelia. The whole-cell hydrolysate contained ribose, arabinose, glucose, and galactose, and the peptidoglycan contained <i>meso</i>-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H₄). The major cellular fatty acid (&gt;10%) was <i>iso</i>-C<sub>16:0</sub>. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, four unidentified phospholipids, two unidentified glycolipids, and five unidentified lipids. Genome-based comparisons revealed that digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain C-140ᵀ and <i>A. chlora</i> JCM 17979ᵀ were below the accepted thresholds for species delineation, supporting the conclusion that strain C-140ᵀ represents a novel species of the genus <i>Actinomycetospora</i>, for which the name <i>Actinomycetospora lichenicola</i> sp. nov. is proposed (=TBRC 20748<sup>T</sup> = NBRC 117442<sup>T</sup>). Genome analysis identified several biosynthetic gene clusters, including NRPS, siderophore, and terpene clusters. The strain exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against <i>Kocuria rhizophila</i>.</p>

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Actinomycetospora lichenicola sp. nov., a rare actinomycete isolated from the crustose lichen Arthonia leioplacella

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Cholticha Meepara,
  • Achiraya Somphong,
  • Chanwit Suriyachadkun,
  • Qinpei Lu,
  • Vasun Poengsungnoen,
  • Somboon Tanasupawat,
  • Chatchai Chaotham,
  • Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun

摘要

A Gram-positive actinomycete, designated strain C-140ᵀ, was isolated from the crustose lichen Arthonia leioplacella collected in Thailand. A polyphasic taxonomic study demonstrated that the strain represents a member of the genus Actinomycetospora. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain C-140ᵀ exhibited the highest sequence similarity to Actinomycetospora lutea TT00-04ᵀ (98.62%), followed by Actinomycetospora lemnae DW7H6ᵀ (98.55%). Phylogenomic analysis indicated that Actinomycetospora chlora JCM 17979ᵀ is the closest phylogenetic relative of strain C-140ᵀ. Morphologically, the strain formed extensively branched substrate mycelium that fragmented into cylindrical spores, with swollen spores observed at the tips of the mycelia. The whole-cell hydrolysate contained ribose, arabinose, glucose, and galactose, and the peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H₄). The major cellular fatty acid (>10%) was iso-C16:0. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, four unidentified phospholipids, two unidentified glycolipids, and five unidentified lipids. Genome-based comparisons revealed that digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain C-140ᵀ and A. chlora JCM 17979ᵀ were below the accepted thresholds for species delineation, supporting the conclusion that strain C-140ᵀ represents a novel species of the genus Actinomycetospora, for which the name Actinomycetospora lichenicola sp. nov. is proposed (=TBRC 20748T = NBRC 117442T). Genome analysis identified several biosynthetic gene clusters, including NRPS, siderophore, and terpene clusters. The strain exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against Kocuria rhizophila.