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<p>Siderophores are iron-chelating agents secreted by microorganisms under iron-limiting conditions, and have garnered increasing attention for their diverse biological activities. Guided by an iron-responsive metabolomic analysis, a new hydroxamate siderophore designated terragine H (<b>1</b>) was isolated from the fermentation broth of <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. D106, along with three known congeners legonoxamine D (<b>2</b>), terragine A (<b>3</b>) and legonoxamine A (<b>4</b>). The structure of <b>1</b> was elucidated by comprehensive NMR and MS analyses, revealing a linear scaffold characterized by a 4-methylhexanoyl side chain and a terminal succinimide moiety. The complete NMR assignment for legonoxamine D (<b>2</b>) is also reported, providing definitive structural validation for a metabolite previously characterized only by MS data. Bioassays revealed that all compounds possess iron-chelating capacity in the chrome azurol S assay, with <b>3</b> and <b>4</b> showing potency comparable to the clinical standard deferoxamine B. Compounds <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> also demonstrated significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Furthermore, compounds <b>1</b> and <b>3</b> exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 tumor cell line.</p>

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Novel hydroxamate siderophore isolated from Streptomyces sp. D106 via iron-responsive metabolomic analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Liping Deng,
  • Xin Li,
  • Yuqi Wen,
  • Zhangli Huang,
  • Xiaomeng Hao,
  • Lifang Liu,
  • Chenghang Sun,
  • Shaowei Liu

摘要

Siderophores are iron-chelating agents secreted by microorganisms under iron-limiting conditions, and have garnered increasing attention for their diverse biological activities. Guided by an iron-responsive metabolomic analysis, a new hydroxamate siderophore designated terragine H (1) was isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. D106, along with three known congeners legonoxamine D (2), terragine A (3) and legonoxamine A (4). The structure of 1 was elucidated by comprehensive NMR and MS analyses, revealing a linear scaffold characterized by a 4-methylhexanoyl side chain and a terminal succinimide moiety. The complete NMR assignment for legonoxamine D (2) is also reported, providing definitive structural validation for a metabolite previously characterized only by MS data. Bioassays revealed that all compounds possess iron-chelating capacity in the chrome azurol S assay, with 3 and 4 showing potency comparable to the clinical standard deferoxamine B. Compounds 1–3 also demonstrated significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 3 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 tumor cell line.