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<p><i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is a ubiquitous Gram-negative pathogen in clinical settings, responsible for pulmonary infections, urinary tract infections, septicemia, and other severe diseases.Over recent years, widespread use of aminoglycosides, quinolones, and β-lactams has driven a marked increase in antimicrobial resistance, compromising treatment efficacy. Here, we review the molecular bases of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> drug resistance, focusing on β-lactamase production, efflux-pump overexpression, target-site modifications, and reduced membrane permeability. We also examine the horizontal spread of resistance determinants via plasmids, integrons, and transposons. By integrating these mechanisms with their transmission pathways, this review provides a comprehensive framework to inform rational antibiotic selection, guide infection-control policies, and support the development of novel anti-resistance strategies.</p>

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The mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and drug resistance transmission of Klebsiella pneumoniae

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月27日

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  • Shuai Zheng,
  • Shuang Li,
  • Duo Zhang,
  • Xindan Zhang,
  • Di Zhou,
  • Qinlong Hou,
  • Gen Li,
  • Huiming Han

摘要

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a ubiquitous Gram-negative pathogen in clinical settings, responsible for pulmonary infections, urinary tract infections, septicemia, and other severe diseases.Over recent years, widespread use of aminoglycosides, quinolones, and β-lactams has driven a marked increase in antimicrobial resistance, compromising treatment efficacy. Here, we review the molecular bases of K. pneumoniae drug resistance, focusing on β-lactamase production, efflux-pump overexpression, target-site modifications, and reduced membrane permeability. We also examine the horizontal spread of resistance determinants via plasmids, integrons, and transposons. By integrating these mechanisms with their transmission pathways, this review provides a comprehensive framework to inform rational antibiotic selection, guide infection-control policies, and support the development of novel anti-resistance strategies.