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<p>Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles, particularly those that respond to two different environmental cues, are useful materials for drug delivery. In this study, the size response of nanogels based on two different polymers, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (pPEGMA), to temperature and glucose concentration changes was investigated. The nanogels were prepared by precipitation polymerization to form particles of 114 and 169 nm for pNIPAM and pPEGMA at 37 °C, respectively, and characterized via proton nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopies. Both types of nanogels underwent a volume phase transition in biologically relevant ranges upon heating. The incorporation of 2-aminophenylboronic acid enabled glucose binding, resulting in a shift in the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of both nanogels, as assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and turbidity measurements. The p(NIPAM) nanogel demonstrated a predictable decrease in size in response to both increasing temperature and glucose concentration. The pPEGMA nanogel showed a predictable decrease in size with increasing temperature but unexpectedly increased and then decreased in size with increasing concentrations of glucose.</p>

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A comparative study of dual thermal- and glucose-responsive nanogel systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Jane Yang,
  • Kathryn M. M. Messina,
  • Daniele Vinciguerra,
  • Ellie G. Puente,
  • Heather D. Maynard

摘要

Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles, particularly those that respond to two different environmental cues, are useful materials for drug delivery. In this study, the size response of nanogels based on two different polymers, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (pPEGMA), to temperature and glucose concentration changes was investigated. The nanogels were prepared by precipitation polymerization to form particles of 114 and 169 nm for pNIPAM and pPEGMA at 37 °C, respectively, and characterized via proton nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopies. Both types of nanogels underwent a volume phase transition in biologically relevant ranges upon heating. The incorporation of 2-aminophenylboronic acid enabled glucose binding, resulting in a shift in the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of both nanogels, as assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and turbidity measurements. The p(NIPAM) nanogel demonstrated a predictable decrease in size in response to both increasing temperature and glucose concentration. The pPEGMA nanogel showed a predictable decrease in size with increasing temperature but unexpectedly increased and then decreased in size with increasing concentrations of glucose.