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<p>DIS3 is the main catalytic subunit of the nuclear RNA exosome, a complex playing a crucial role in RNA processing and the degradation of various noncoding RNA substrates. In mice, DIS3 is essential for genomic rearrangements during B cell development, but its role in terminal plasma cell (PC) differentiation has not been explored. Although <i>DIS3</i> gene alterations are frequent in multiple myeloma (MM), a PC malignancy, their molecular impact remains poorly understood. In this study, we developed an antisense oligonucleotide strategy to knock down <i>DIS3</i> expression in a well-characterized model of human PC differentiation. Reducing <i>DIS3</i> expression systematically led to decreased B cell proliferation and impaired PC differentiation with lower levels of switched immunoglobulin secretion. Transcriptome analyses confirmed alterations in the proliferation and differentiation programs, alongside an accumulation of noncoding RNAs. Notably, centromere-associated noncoding RNAs were highly sensitive to DIS3 activity, and their accumulation in DIS3-deficient cells, either as transcripts or DNA-associated RNAs, correlated with the mislocalization of the centromere-specific histone variant CENP-A. We finally observed reduced physiological DNA recombination and somatic hypermutation but increased genomic instability in DIS3-deficient cells, in agreement with the higher levels of <i>IGH</i> translocations observed in our large cohort of <i>DIS3</i>-mutant MM patients. Together, these results underscore the essential role of DIS3 in regulating B cell proliferation, DNA recombination, and physiological or malignant PC differentiation in humans.</p>

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DIS3 licenses B cells for plasma cell differentiation in humans

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Emma Miglierina,
  • Julien Bouder,
  • Delfina Ordanoska,
  • Maïwenn Pineau,
  • Simon Léonard,
  • Anaïs Schavgoulidze,
  • Gwenaëlle Quéré,
  • Maeva Le Goff,
  • Maé Bouchet,
  • Steve Alexandre Genebrier,
  • Samuel Bastos Serra Trinca,
  • Laurent Deleurme,
  • Céline Monvoisin,
  • Laure Derrier,
  • Charles Dumontet,
  • Laurent Delpy,
  • Jérôme Moreaux,
  • Jill Corre,
  • Michel Cogné,
  • Brice Laffleur

摘要

DIS3 is the main catalytic subunit of the nuclear RNA exosome, a complex playing a crucial role in RNA processing and the degradation of various noncoding RNA substrates. In mice, DIS3 is essential for genomic rearrangements during B cell development, but its role in terminal plasma cell (PC) differentiation has not been explored. Although DIS3 gene alterations are frequent in multiple myeloma (MM), a PC malignancy, their molecular impact remains poorly understood. In this study, we developed an antisense oligonucleotide strategy to knock down DIS3 expression in a well-characterized model of human PC differentiation. Reducing DIS3 expression systematically led to decreased B cell proliferation and impaired PC differentiation with lower levels of switched immunoglobulin secretion. Transcriptome analyses confirmed alterations in the proliferation and differentiation programs, alongside an accumulation of noncoding RNAs. Notably, centromere-associated noncoding RNAs were highly sensitive to DIS3 activity, and their accumulation in DIS3-deficient cells, either as transcripts or DNA-associated RNAs, correlated with the mislocalization of the centromere-specific histone variant CENP-A. We finally observed reduced physiological DNA recombination and somatic hypermutation but increased genomic instability in DIS3-deficient cells, in agreement with the higher levels of IGH translocations observed in our large cohort of DIS3-mutant MM patients. Together, these results underscore the essential role of DIS3 in regulating B cell proliferation, DNA recombination, and physiological or malignant PC differentiation in humans.