<p>The global incidence of thyroid cancer, especially papillary thyroid cancer, has increased in recent decades, making it a significant global health issue. Pyroptosis, an important form of programmed cell death, is characterized by pore formation in the cell membrane, membrane rupture, cell swelling, and the subsequent release of cellular contents. Factors released during this process, such as interleukin-1β and interleukin-18, amplify inflammatory effects and trigger immune activation. Increasing evidence indicates that pyroptosis has either tumour-promoting or tumour-suppressing effects at various stages of tumour progression, which has garnered significant attention and warrants further investigation. Thus, harnessing the tumour-inhibitory effects while mitigating the tumour-promoting effects of pyroptosis represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the clinical management of thyroid cancer. Furthermore, pyroptosis-related genes are significantly correlated with the prognosis of thyroid cancer. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the current research regarding the role of pyroptosis in thyroid cancer, focusing on its mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and predictive biomarkers. These findings highlight the importance of pyroptosis in thyroid cancer and offer valuable insights for the development of innovative treatment strategies and accurate prognostic markers.</p>