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Background <p>Through the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic the severity of RSV infection increased among children, but little is known about its evolution among infants ≤60 days of life (DOL).</p> Methods <p>Multicenter observational retrospective study conducted in 27 hospitals in Lombardy, Italy, comparing outcomes of infants (≤60 DOL) hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis during 4 seasons: 2018-2019 (pre-pandemic period), 2020–2023 (pandemic seasons).</p> Result <p>1816 infants were included. Multivariable regressions showed that the need and length of O<sub>2</sub>-supplementation were significantly higher in pandemic seasons compared to the pre-pandemic one, as the need for non-invasive ventilation. Among neonates (≤28 DOL), no difference was observed between pre- and pandemic seasons besides an increased length of O<sub>2</sub>-supplementation.</p> Conclusion <p>Outcomes of RSV bronchiolitis among infants ≤60 DOL were slightly affected by COVID-19 pandemic. The impact was less significant among neonates. Breast milk components might have mitigated the negative effect of COVID-19 on RSV severity in neonates.</p> Category of study <p>Clinical and population study.</p> Impact <p><UnorderedList Mark="Bullet"> <ItemContent> <p>Outcomes of RSV bronchiolitis among infants ≤60 days of life (DOL) were slightly affected by COVID-19 pandemic. Neonates (≤28 DOL) in our cohort seem to have significantly better outcomes than older infants (29-60 DOL).</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>To date no data is available on the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on the diffusivity and severity of RSV infection in infants aged ≤60 DOL, the population at highest risk for RSV-related complications</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Breast milk and its innate immune components may have played an important role as protective factors against RSV respiratory infections during the first month of life</p> </ItemContent> </UnorderedList></p>

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Severity of respiratory syncytial virus through the COVID-19 pandemic among infants aged ≤2 months: a secondary analysis of the IRIDE cohort study

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月10日

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  • Andrea Ronchi,
  • Gregorio Paolo Milani,
  • Carlo Agostoni,
  • Paola Marchisio,
  • Giovanna Chidini,
  • Nicola Pesenti,
  • Riccardo Crimi,
  • Elena Gariboldi,
  • Anita Bellotti,
  • Marco Cugliari,
  • Valentina Fabiano,
  • Carlo Pietrasanta,
  • Fabio Mosca,
  • Lorenza Pugni,
  • Monica Fumagalli

摘要

Background

Through the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic the severity of RSV infection increased among children, but little is known about its evolution among infants ≤60 days of life (DOL).

Methods

Multicenter observational retrospective study conducted in 27 hospitals in Lombardy, Italy, comparing outcomes of infants (≤60 DOL) hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis during 4 seasons: 2018-2019 (pre-pandemic period), 2020–2023 (pandemic seasons).

Result

1816 infants were included. Multivariable regressions showed that the need and length of O2-supplementation were significantly higher in pandemic seasons compared to the pre-pandemic one, as the need for non-invasive ventilation. Among neonates (≤28 DOL), no difference was observed between pre- and pandemic seasons besides an increased length of O2-supplementation.

Conclusion

Outcomes of RSV bronchiolitis among infants ≤60 DOL were slightly affected by COVID-19 pandemic. The impact was less significant among neonates. Breast milk components might have mitigated the negative effect of COVID-19 on RSV severity in neonates.

Category of study

Clinical and population study.

Impact

Outcomes of RSV bronchiolitis among infants ≤60 days of life (DOL) were slightly affected by COVID-19 pandemic. Neonates (≤28 DOL) in our cohort seem to have significantly better outcomes than older infants (29-60 DOL).

To date no data is available on the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on the diffusivity and severity of RSV infection in infants aged ≤60 DOL, the population at highest risk for RSV-related complications

Breast milk and its innate immune components may have played an important role as protective factors against RSV respiratory infections during the first month of life